Learning the lie of the land: How people construct mental representations of distributions [0.03%]
学习形势：人们如何构建分布心理表征的方法
Alice Mason,Aba Szollosi,Ben R Newell
Alice Mason
An unexamined assumption in many studies of learning and decision making is that people learn underlying probability distributions. However, the acquisition of distributional knowledge is rarely the focus of investigations. We report five e...
Individual variation in encoding strategy optimization in visual working memory: Evidence from a change detection task [0.03%]
视觉工作记忆中编码策略优化的个体差异：来自变化检测任务的证据
Yin-Ting Lin,Andrew B Leber
Yin-Ting Lin
Extensive research has shown that differences in cognitive ability predict working memory (WM) performance. However, strategy use may also explain individual differences in WM. Here we explored individual variation in encoding strategy opti...
Lynn J Lohnas
Lynn J Lohnas
When performing successive recall tests without restudy, subjects' recalls exhibit intriguing variability across tests, including gaining or losing items across tests. To examine the cognitive mechanisms underlying this variability, researc...
Readers use recent experiences with word meanings to support the processing of lexical ambiguity: Evidence from eye movements [0.03%]
读者利用对词义的近期体验来解决词汇歧义性问题：眼动证据
Adam J Parker,J S H Taylor,Jennifer M Rodd
Adam J Parker
Fluent reading comprehension demands the rapid access and integration of word meanings. This can be challenging when lexically ambiguous words have less frequent meanings (e.g., the dog meaning of boxer). Indeed, readers fixate on lexically...
Jerker Denrell,Adam N Sanborn,Jake Spicer
Jerker Denrell
In many real-life settings, feedback is only available for cases that decision makers accept and so may be biased toward positive events. How do people learn to distinguish good from bad alternatives from such selective feedback, and can th...
Amy de Bruïne,Myrthe Vel Tromp,Arnout Koornneef et al.
Amy de Bruïne et al.
It has been demonstrated that surprising information often leads to better recall. Yet, this might not apply to information that is considered to be implausible. The present study examines how surprise and plausibility judgments relate to p...
Is there a description-experience gap in choices between a described and an experienced option? [0.03%]
描述与体验之间的差距会影响人们的决策吗？
Kevin E Tiede,Wolfgang Gaissmaier,Thorsten Pachur
Kevin E Tiede
Decision makers seem to evaluate risky options differently depending on the learning mode-that is, whether they learn about the options' payoff distributions from a summary description (decisions from description) or by drawing samples from...
How long-term memory facilitates working memory: Evidence from flexible responses and neural oscillations [0.03%]
长期记忆如何促进工作记忆：来自灵活反应和神经振荡的证据
Zhongting Chen,Yudi Mao,Zhenkai Zheng et al.
Zhongting Chen et al.
Historically, working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM) were viewed as distinct systems, operating independently. Recent research, however, has uncovered intricate interactions between these memory systems, revealing that LTM informati...
Rivals reloaded: Adapting to sample-based speed-accuracy trade-offs through competitive pressure [0.03%]
竞争压力下的适应：基于样本的准确性和速度之间的权衡关系分析
Linda McCaughey,Johannes Ziegler,Klaus Fiedler
Linda McCaughey
Collecting an adequate amount of information for a decision is an important skill. However, previous experiments on speed-accuracy trade-offs in sample-based decisions revealed marked oversampling that was impervious to various intervention...
The costs of shifting from dual-task to single-task processing: Applying the fade-out paradigm to dual tasking [0.03%]
双任务转换为单任务加工的代价：运用消衰范式研究双任务操作中的资源分配
Amelie C Jung,Inga Lück,Rico Fischer
Amelie C Jung
Cognitive control processes mirror fast and dynamic adaptation toward a change in the environment. When performing dual tasks, mental representations of dual-task-specific control requirements and the task-pair set are established that help...