Clearance of amyloid-β peptides by microglia and macrophages: the issue of what, when and where [0.03%]
小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞清除淀粉样蛋白-β肽的问题是何物、何时及何处
Aaron Y Lai,Joanne McLaurin
Aaron Y Lai
Accumulation of senile plaques consisting of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) aggregates is a prominent pathological feature in Alzheimer's disease. Effective clearance of Aβ from the brain parenchyma is thought to regulate the development and pro...
Helen E Scharfman
Helen E Scharfman
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and epilepsy are separated in the medical community, but seizures occur in some patients with AD, and AD is a risk factor for epilepsy. Furthermore, memory impairment is common in patients with epilepsy. The relatio...
Guoxiang Liu,Leonardo Aliaga,Huaibin Cai
Guoxiang Liu
Of the various genetic factors contributing to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), only mutations in α-synuclein (α-syn) and LRRK2 genes cause clinical and neuropathological phenotypes closely resembling the sporadic cases. Ther...
Lasting impacts of prenatal cannabis exposure and the role of endogenous cannabinoids in the developing brain [0.03%]
孕产期接触大麻的长期影响以及内源性大麻素在发育中的大脑中所起的作用
Chia-Shan Wu,Christopher P Jew,Hui-Chen Lu
Chia-Shan Wu
Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance among pregnant women. Human epidemiological and animal studies have found that prenatal cannabis exposure influences brain development and can have long-lasting impacts on cognitive funct...
A new look at glutamate and ischemia: NMDA agonist improves long-term functional outcome in a rat model of stroke [0.03%]
谷氨酸和缺血的新观点：NMDA激动剂改善卒中大鼠模型的长期功能预后
Jasbeer Dhawan,Helene Benveniste,Zhongchi Luo et al.
Jasbeer Dhawan et al.
Ischemic stroke triggers a massive, although transient, glutamate efflux and excessive activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs), possibly leading to neuronal death. However, multiple clinical trials with NMDA antagonists failed to improve, or ...
The role of neuregulin-1 in the response to nerve injury [0.03%]
神经生长因子neuregulin-1在神经损伤修复中的作用机制研究初探
Florence R Fricker,David Lh Bennett
Florence R Fricker
Axons and Schwann cells exist in a highly interdependent relationship: damage to one cell type invariably leads to pathophysiological changes in the other. Greater understanding of communication between these cell types will not only give i...
Corticostriatal circuit dysfunction in Huntington's disease: intersection of glutamate, dopamine and calcium [0.03%]
亨廷顿病的皮层纹状体环路功能障碍：谷氨酸、多巴胺和钙的交叉点
Benjamin Ray Miller,Ilya Bezprozvanny
Benjamin Ray Miller
Huntington's disease (HD) is a noncurable and progressive autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorder that results from a polyglutamine expansion in the amino-terminal region of the huntingtin protein. The generation of rodent HD models h...
Simone B Sartori,Rainer Landgraf,Nicolas Singewald
Simone B Sartori
Mice are increasingly overtaking the rat model organism in important aspects of anxiety research, including drug development. However, translating the results obtained in mouse studies into information that can be applied in clinics remains...
Modeling neurological diseases using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells [0.03%]
利用患者诱导多能干细胞进行神经系统疾病的建模
Tarja A Juopperi,Hongjun Song,Guo-Li Ming
Tarja A Juopperi
Reprogramming of somatic cells to an embryonic-like state has dramatically changed the landscape of stem cell research. Although still in its formative stages, the field of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has the potential to advance...
Payam Saadai,Timothy Runyon,Diana L Farmer
Payam Saadai
Congenital CNS abnormalities have been targets for prenatal intervention since the founding of fetal surgery 30 years ago, but with historically variable results. Open fetal neurosurgery for myelomenigocele has demonstrated the most promisi...