Stimulating the posterior parietal cortex reduces self-reported risk-taking propensity in people with tobacco use disorder [0.03%]
刺激顶叶皮层可降低烟草使用障碍患者的自我风险倾向
Francesca M LoFaro,Timothy Jordan,Michael R Apostol et al.
Francesca M LoFaro et al.
Previous research has identified a replicable role for the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in risk behaviors, but it is unclear whether this relationship is causal. Here, we used a targeted neuromodulation protocol leveraging a single-sessi...
Xylazine is an agonist at kappa opioid receptors and exhibits sex-specific responses to opioid antagonism [0.03%]
塞洛昔布在κ型阿片受体处起激动剂的作用且表现出对阿片抗性药物的反应具有性别差异性
Madigan L Bedard,Xi-Ping Huang,Jackson G Murray et al.
Madigan L Bedard et al.
Xylazine is in the unregulated drug supply at increasing rates, usually combined with fentanyl, necessitating understanding of its pharmacology. Despite commentary from politicians, and public health officials, it is unknown how xylazine im...
Changes in dorsomedial striatum activity during expression of goal-directed vs. habit-like cue-induced cocaine seeking [0.03%]
在寻求可卡因过程中，伏隔核背内侧区域活性的变化
Brooke N Bender,Sierra J Stringfield,Mary M Torregrossa
Brooke N Bender
A preclinical model of cue exposure therapy, cue extinction, reduces cue-induced cocaine seeking that is goal-directed but not habit-like. Goal-directed and habitual behaviors differentially rely on the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) and dorsol...
Chst9 marks a spatially and transcriptionally unique population of Oprm1-expressing neurons in the nucleus accumbens [0.03%]
Chst9标记出位于伏隔核中的一群表达Oprm1且在空间分布和转录上独特的神经元族群
Emma Andraka,Robert A Phillips rd,Kasey L Brida et al.
Emma Andraka et al.
Opioids produce addictive, analgesic, and euphoric effects via actions at mu opioid receptors (μORs). The μOR is encoded by the Oprm1 gene and is expressed in multiple brain regions that regulate reward and motivation, such as the nucleus...
Mesocorticolimbic system reactivity to alcohol use-related visual cues as a function of alcohol sensitivity phenotype: A pilot fMRI study [0.03%]
酒精敏感表型个体对酒精使用相关视觉线索的大脑边缘系统反应性的一项功能磁共振成像试点研究
Roberto U Cofresí,Spencer Upton,Alexander A Brown et al.
Roberto U Cofresí et al.
Low sensitivity (LS) to alcohol is a risk factor for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Compared to peers with high sensitivity (HS), LS individuals drink more, report more problems, and exhibit potentiated alcohol cue reactivity (ACR). Heightened...
The estrous cycle has no effect on incubation of methamphetamine craving and associated Fos expression in dorsomedial striatum and anterior intralaminar nucleus of thalamus [0.03%]
发情周期不影响甲基苯丙胺渴求的诱发及其在背内侧纹状体和丘脑前中间核中c-fos表达
Hongyu Lin,Adedayo Olaniran,Sara Garmchi et al.
Hongyu Lin et al.
Relapse is a major challenge in treating drug addiction, and drug seeking progressively increases after abstinence, a phenomenon termed "incubation of drug craving". Previous studies demonstrated both sex differences and an effect of estrou...
Behavioral and neuronal extracellular vesicle biomarkers associated with nicotine's enhancement of the reinforcing strength of cocaine in female and male monkeys [0.03%]
与尼古丁增强雌雄猴可卡因强化作用相关的行为和神经元胞外囊泡生物标志物
Mia I Allen,Bernard N Johnson,Ashish Kumar et al.
Mia I Allen et al.
While the majority of people with cocaine use disorders (CUD) also co-use tobacco/nicotine, most preclinical cocaine research does not include nicotine. The present study examined nicotine and cocaine co-use under several conditions of intr...
Adolescent nicotine exposure promotes adulthood opioid consumption that persists despite adverse consequences and increases the density of insular perineuronal nets [0.03%]
青春期尼古丁暴露会促进成年期阿片类药物的消耗，并增加岛叶网周神经节密度
S C Honeycutt,A Mukherjee,M S Paladino et al.
S C Honeycutt et al.
Adolescence marks a sensitive period for neurodevelopment wherein exposure to drugs of abuse may disrupt maturation and induce persistent changes in neurophysiology which may exacerbate the risk for developing substance use disorders in adu...
Punishment resistance for cocaine is associated with inflexible habits in rats [0.03%]
与可卡因抗惩罚性相关的实验大鼠习惯的僵化性
Bradley O Jones,Morgan S Paladino,Adelis M Cruz et al.
Bradley O Jones et al.
Addiction is characterized by continued drug use despite negative consequences. In an animal model, a subset of rats continues to self-administer cocaine despite footshock consequences, showing punishment resistance. We sought to test the h...
Brain stimulation therapeutics [0.03%]
脑刺激治疗学
Xingbao Li,Mark S George,Abraham Zangen
Xingbao Li
This chapter covers how repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) presently affects smoking cessation. 14 human studies have examined the efficacy of rTMS on cue craving, cigarette...