Stable yet shifting: Early toxin dynamics in typical and atypical clownfish-anemone symbioses [0.03%]
稳定的但又是变化的：典型和非典型的拟养海葵鱼-海葵共生关系中早期毒素除去动力学
J Macrander,A Bennett,K Statile et al.
J Macrander et al.
Among venomous animals, cnidarians represent the oldest metazoan lineage in which venom production and a specialized delivery system are defining synapomorphies. Cnidarians also represent the only venomous lineage for which mutualistic symb...
Toxic compound, morphology, biology, and phenology of the calcinogenic plant Nierembergia rivularis Miers (Solanaceae) [0.03%]
尼尔梅伯格利亚河物种(Nierembergia rivularis Miers)的毒性成分、形态、生物学和物候学特征研究（茄科）
Marcela Preliasco,Ary Mailhos,Facundo Ibáñez et al.
Marcela Preliasco et al.
Enzootic calcinosis caused by Nierembergia spp. (Solanaceae) poisoning causes important economic losses for sheep and cattle production in South America. This study aims to provide a comprehensive description of N. rivularis Miers, focusing...
Corrigendum to "Paralysis efficiency (PD50) scales linearly with lethality (LD50) in spider venoms" [Toxicon: X. Volume 30 (2026). 100256] [0.03%]
“蜘蛛毒液的麻痹效率(PD50)与致死率(LD50)线性相关”[Toxicon:X.卷30(2026).100256]的勘误表
Keith Lyons,Dayle Leonard,Leona McSharry et al.
Keith Lyons et al.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2026.100256.]. © 2026 The Author(s).
Published Erratum
Toxicon: X. 2026 May 13:30:100257. DOI:10.1016/j.toxcx.2026.100257 2026
Paralysis efficiency (PD50) scales linearly with lethality (LD50) in spider venoms [0.03%]
蜘蛛毒液中麻痹效率(PD50)与致死率(LD50)呈线性关系
Keith Lyons,Dayle Leonard,Leona McSharry et al.
Keith Lyons et al.
Historically, venom potencies have been assessed using measures of lethality, such as the median lethal dose (LD50). However, venoms may be selected primarily for their ability to rapidly incapacitate rather than cause mortality, meaning LD...
The 'jimble', a southern Australia box jellyfish, Carybdea rastonii Haacke, 1886: clinical symptoms, first-aid treatments and species distribution [0.03%]
南澳大利亚方形水母Carybdea rastonii Haacke，1886：临床症状、急救方法和物种分布
N E Meyler,M L Mitchell
N E Meyler
Within the field of jellyfish first-aid treatments, we have identified a distinct lack of evidence-based clinical research, which is most notable among species considered non-lethal. One such species is the southern Australia cubomedusa, Ca...
Adverse neurological events following botulinum toxin type A: A case series of post-injection seizures and paralysis [0.03%]
肉毒杆菌A型注射后的不良神经事件：一组抽动和瘫痪病例报告
Qiaozhen Li,Chunqiu Dai,Hongbin Wang et al.
Qiaozhen Li et al.
Within the field of rehabilitation and aesthetic medicine, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), particularly type A (BoNT-A), has gained significant popularity for its unique muscle-relaxing properties including muscular spasticity and reducing wri...
Case Reports
Toxicon: X. 2026 Apr 7:30:100255. DOI:10.1016/j.toxcx.2026.100255 2026
Biochemical characterisation and substrate-specific proteolytic diversity of venom metalloproteinases in African puff adders [0.03%]
非洲球鼻蛇毒液金属蛋白酶的生化特征及底物特异性蛋白水解多样性
Mark C Wilkinson,Cassandra M Modahl,David T K Waterhouse et al.
Mark C Wilkinson et al.
The puff adder (Bitis arietans) is a highly venomous viper responsible for many snakebite fatalities in Africa, yet there have been few geographically comprehensive analyses of its venom proteins, particularly of the proteases that play a k...
Corrigendum to "Epidemiological and geodemographic patterns of scorpionism in Ecuador: A nationwide analysis (2021-2024)" [Toxicon X 26(2025) 1-6/100218] [0.03%]
对“厄瓜多尔全境（2021-2024年）蝎子伤的流行病学和地理人口统计模式分析”[Toxicon X 26(2025) 1-6/100218]的勘误通知
Jorge Vasconez-Gonzalez,Juan S Izquierdo-Condoy,Camila Miño et al.
Jorge Vasconez-Gonzalez et al.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2025.100218.]. © 2025 The Author(s).
Published Erratum
Toxicon: X. 2026 Jan 6:29:100241. DOI:10.1016/j.toxcx.2025.100241 2026
Venom variation and the future of antivenom design: Integrating population venomics, evolutionary toxinology, and precision therapeutics [0.03%]
毒液变异与抗蛇毒药物设计的未来：整合人群毒蛋白质组学、进化毒素学和精确治疗学
Emeka John Dingwoke
Emeka John Dingwoke
Snakebite envenoming remains a neglected tropical disease that disproportionately affects rural populations in the tropical regions, where access to timely and effective treatment is often limited. Conventional antivenoms, produced by immun...
Quantifying venom in African snakes: Insights into protein content, yield and body size associations [0.03%]
量化非洲蛇的毒液：关于蛋白质含量、产率及与体型关联的见解
Stephanie French,Rachael Da Silva,Martijn Ten Have et al.
Stephanie French et al.
Snake venoms are complex mixtures primarily composed of toxic proteins used during prey capture and defence. There is limited knowledge concerning the protein concentration of snake venom and the biases of different protein determination me...