Children's Representations of Possibility: Uncertainty About "What" Is Easier Than Uncertainty About "Where" [0.03%]
儿童对可能性的表达：关于“是什么”的不确定性比关于“在哪里”的不确定性更容易被理解
Esra Nur Turan-Küçük,Melissa M Kibbe
Esra Nur Turan-Küçük
Young children struggle in situations involving mere possibility, such as when a target object could be in one of two possible locations. This difficulty is often interpreted as a general limitation on children's ability to reason about pos...
Yining Ye,Jennifer E Arnold
Yining Ye
Although they is often considered a plural pronoun (e.g., "Liz and Will went to the library. They borrowed a textbook"), it is increasingly used as a singular pronoun for individuals whose personal pronouns are they/them (e.g., "Alex went t...
No Evidence of Experimenter Demand Effects in Three Online Psychology Experiments [0.03%]
无法证明心理学在线实验中的研究者需求效应
Lucas Woodley,Xavier Roberts-Gaal,Rachel Calcott et al.
Lucas Woodley et al.
Experimenter demand effects occur when participants alter their behavior to align with perceived study hypotheses, threatening internal validity. Concern about demand effects is pervasive in psychology. Experimenter demand may be especially...
Experience Alone Can Generate Human Face Specialization: Evidence From Deep Learning Models [0.03%]
只有亲身经历才能产生人类面部特化：来自深度学习模型的证据
Nitzan Guy,Mandy Rosemblaum,Galit Yovel
Nitzan Guy
The specialization of human face recognition for upright own-race faces is well-established. While experience is thought to play a key role in face specialization, establishing its direct causal contribution in humans is difficult, as natur...
Joseph M Denning,Xiaohan Hannah Guo,Bryor Snefjella et al.
Joseph M Denning et al.
Language models (LMs) are commonly criticized for not "understanding" language. However, many critiques focus on cognitive abilities that, in humans, are distinct from language processing. Here, we instead study a kind of understanding tigh...
Word Trigram Frequency Predicts Failure to Detect Word Transpositions: Implications for Rational Inference in Reading [0.03%]
词三联频度影响单词移位的检测：对阅读中推理的启示
Kuan-Jung Huang,Adrian Staub
Kuan-Jung Huang
A substantial recent literature has investigated readers' failure to detect transposed words in otherwise grammatical sentences. This phenomenon may reflect a process of rational inference, whereby a reader's prior over word strings overrid...
David A Haslett,Bo Yao,Xufeng Duan et al.
David A Haslett et al.
Phonesthemes are sound clusters that recur in words with related meanings. For example, glow, gleam, and glitter begin with the phonestheme /gl/. Experiments with pseudowords provide evidence that phonesthemes affect how people retrieve and...
Tracking Visual Statistical Learning with Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials: Effects of Exemplar and Category Information [0.03%]
基于稳态视觉诱发电位的视觉统计学习追踪：呈现项和范畴信息的影响
Natasa Ganea,Dominik Garber,Richard N Aslin et al.
Natasa Ganea et al.
This study examined visual statistical learning using EEG-based steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP). Fifty-one adults were exposed to image sequences organized into triplets across three conditions (n = 17 per condition) in which ...
Tadeg Quillien
Tadeg Quillien
Can you perform an action intentionally if there was only a small chance your action would succeed? Researchers studying the folk concept of intentional action have documented complex patterns of intuitions in these cases. We propose to exp...
Expectations of Reciprocal Generosity Are Specific to Equal Relationships [0.03%]
期望互惠慷慨只存在于平等的人际关系中
Alicia M Chen,Rebecca Saxe
Alicia M Chen
When someone acts generously, what expectations does this create? Classic theories and experiments emphasize reciprocity: the idea that generosity will be returned by the recipient. Yet daily-life and ethnographic observations often show a ...