Connections Between Obesity and Puberty: Invited by Manuel Tena-Sempere, Cordoba [0.03%]
肥胖与青春期之间的联系：曼纽尔·特纳-森普雷邀请，科多巴特邀评述
Alyssa Huang,Thomas Reinehr,Christian L Roth
Alyssa Huang
The relationship between obesity and puberty remains controversial. Whereas cross-sectional and longitudinal studies show a clear shift toward earlier puberty in obese girls, the trend in obese boys remains less obvious. Overweight boys mat...
Ei Terasawa,James P Garcia
Ei Terasawa
An increase in pulsatile release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) initiates puberty in mammalian species. While mutations in KISS1 and TAC3 and their receptors, KISS1R and NK3R, respectively, result in the absence or abnormal timing...
Morgan L Zenner,Bethany Baumann,Larisa Nonn
Morgan L Zenner
MicroRNAs are known to be dysregulated in prostate cancer. These small noncoding RNAs can function as biomarkers and are involved in the biology of prostate cancer. The canonical mechanism for microRNAs is post-transcription regulation of g...
Luigi Maione,Lydie Naulé,Ursula B Kaiser
Luigi Maione
Makorin RING finger protein 3 (MKRN3) is a key inhibitor of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Loss-of-function mutations in MKRN3 cause familial and sporadic central precocious puberty (CPP), while polymorphisms are associated with a...
Sirtuin (SIRT)-1: At the crossroads of puberty and metabolism [0.03%]
sirtuin (SIRT)-1 ：处于青春期和代谢的交接点
Carlos F Aylwin,Alejandro Lomniczi
Carlos F Aylwin
In the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus reside two neuronal systems in charge of regulating feeding control and reproductive development. The melanocortin system responds to metabolic fluctuations adjusting food intake, whereas kis...
Constantine A Stratakis,Annabel Berthon
Constantine A Stratakis
Since the initial discovery of mutations in the Armadillo-containing repeat protein 5 gene (ARMC5) in primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PBMAH), efforts have been made to better understand the molecular mechanisms in...
Cierra A Birch,Olivia Molinar-Inglis,JoAnn Trejo
Cierra A Birch
G-coupled protein receptors (GPCRs) comprise the largest class of druggable targets. Signaling by GPCRs is initiated from subcellular hot spots including the plasma membrane, signalosomes, and endosomes to contribute to vascular inflammatio...
Daniele Bolognini,Domonkos Dedeo,Graeme Milligan
Daniele Bolognini
FFA2 and FFA3 are receptors for short-chain fatty acids which are produced in prodigious amounts by fermentation of poorly digested carbohydrates by gut bacteria. Understanding the roles of these receptors in regulating enteroendocrine, met...
The Prevalence of Primary Aldosteronism and Evolving Approaches for Treatment [0.03%]
原发性醛固酮增多症的流行率及治疗的新方法
Nicholas Yozamp,Anand Vaidya
Nicholas Yozamp
Over six decades since primary aldosteronism was first described, much has been learned about its prevalence and optimal treatment. Estimates of the prevalence of primary aldosteronism have increased considerably over the years, even exceed...
Aileen Helsel,Michael D Griswold
Aileen Helsel