Impact of water vapor on stratospheric temperature after the 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption: direct radiative cooling versus indirect warming by facilitating large particle formation [0.03%]
2022年洪加汤加火山喷发后水蒸气对平流层温度的影响：直接辐射冷却与通过促进大粒子形成而产生的间接变暖效应
Xi Chen,Jun Wang,Meng Zhou et al.
Xi Chen et al.
The unprecedented water vapor amount (WV, 150-160 Tg) injected by the 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai not only directly cooled the stratosphere, but also facilitated the formation and growth of sulfate particles, indirectly heati...
Disentangling anthropogenic and dynamic contributions to recent ocean warming [0.03%]
解开近期海洋变暖中的人为因素与动力学因素的贡献关系
Jiheun Lee,Rémi Tailleux,Till Kuhlbrodt
Jiheun Lee
As the ocean absorbs over 90% of excess radiative heat, recent ocean warming is shaped by a combination of anthropogenic surface heat gain and dynamical processes redistributing heat. To distinguish these contributions, we introduce a novel...
Oxygen-rich anionic metal silicate clusters as nucleation seeds for noctilucent clouds [0.03%]
富含氧的阴离子金属硅酸盐团簇作为夜光云凝结核种子
Joan Mariñoso Guiu,Joost M Bakker,Thorsten M Bernhardt et al.
Joan Mariñoso Guiu et al.
Silicate-based meteoric smoke particles (MSPs) resulting from extraterrestrial dust impacting on the upper atmosphere are likely involved in seeding the formation of mesospheric ice-based noctilucent clouds (NLCs). However, the detailed phy...
Casey R Patrizio,Panos J Athanasiadis,Doug M Smith et al.
Casey R Patrizio et al.
Evidence has emerged that the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) may be predictable on decadal timescales, which may greatly benefit society given the significant climate impacts that accompany the NAO. However, the mechanisms behind the appa...
Global and regional drivers for exceptional climate extremes in 2023-2024: beyond the new normal [0.03%]
2023至2024年特殊气候极端事件的全球和区域驱动因子：超越新常态
Shoshiro Minobe,Erik Behrens,Kirsten L Findell et al.
Shoshiro Minobe et al.
Climate records have been broken with alarming regularity in recent years, but the events of 2023-2024 were exceptional even when accounting for recent climatic trends. Here we quantify these events across multiple variables and show how ex...
Paloma Trascasa-Castro,Yohan Ruprich-Robert,Amanda C Maycock
Paloma Trascasa-Castro
The effect of future climate change on the boreal winter response to strong El Niño is investigated using pacemaker simulations with the EC-Earth3-CC model constrained towards observed tropical Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies. Un...
Isotopic source signatures of stratospheric CO inferred from in situ vertical profiles [0.03%]
平流层一氧化碳同位素源信号的原位垂直分布特征分析
Joram J D Hooghiem,Sergey Gromov,Rigel Kivi et al.
Joram J D Hooghiem et al.
The stratospheric CO budget is determined by CH4 oxidation, OH-driven loss and atmospheric transport. These processes can be constrained using CO mole fractions and isotopic compositions, with the latter being largely unexplored. We present...
Are AI weather models learning atmospheric physics? A sensitivity analysis of cyclone Xynthia [0.03%]
人工智能天气模型在学习大气物理吗？关于旋风Xynthia的敏感性分析
Jorge Baño-Medina,Agniv Sengupta,James D Doyle et al.
Jorge Baño-Medina et al.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) weather models are explored for initial condition sensitivity studies to analyze the physicality of the relationships learned. Gradients (or sensitivities) of the target metric of interest are computed with resp...
Moderate climate sensitivity due to opposing mixed-phase cloud feedbacks [0.03%]
由于混合相云反馈作用相反而导致的中等气候敏感性
Ivy Tan,Chen Zhou,Aubert Lamy et al.
Ivy Tan et al.
Earth's climate sensitivity quantifies the ultimate change in global mean surface air temperature in response to a doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Recent assessments estimate that Earth's climate sensitivity very likely lies bet...
Decreasing aerosols increase the European summer diurnal temperature range [0.03%]
气溶胶浓度降低增加了欧洲夏季日较差
Carla M Roesch,Emilie Fons,Andrew P Ballinger et al.
Carla M Roesch et al.
The diurnal temperature range (DTR), the difference between daily maximum and minimum temperature, is important for the impact of extreme temperatures, but despite physical links to aerosol forcing previous studies have struggled to attribu...