Matthias Pretzler,Annette Rompel
Matthias Pretzler
Tyrosinases (TYRs) are a family of copper-containing metalloenzymes that are present in all domains of life. TYRs catalyze the reactions that start the biosynthesis of melanin, the main pigment of the animal kingdom, and are also involved i...
Uwe Lendeckel,Simone Venz,Carmen Wolke
Uwe Lendeckel
Macrophages are cells of the innate immune system and represent an important component of the first-line defense against pathogens and tumor cells. Here, their diverse functions in inflammation and tumor defense are described, and the mecha...
Quantitative considerations about the size dependence of cellular entry and excretion of colloidal nanoparticles for different cell types [0.03%]
关于不同类型细胞中胶体纳米粒子尺寸依赖性进入和排出的定量考量
Yanan Kang,Leroy Marwin Nack,Yang Liu et al.
Yanan Kang et al.
Most studies about the interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with cells have focused on how the physicochemical properties of NPs will influence their uptake by cells. However, much less is known about their potential excretion from cells. How...
María Teresa Doménech-Carbó,Antonio Doménech-Carbó
María Teresa Doménech-Carbó
Microchemistry, i.e., the chemistry performed at the scale of a microgram or less, has its roots in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. In the first half of the twentieth century a wide range of spot tests have been develope...
Peter J T Morris
Peter J T Morris
Chemical laboratories have existed since the late sixteenth century. Two basic designs have dominated this history: a furnace-centred laboratory based on earlier alchemical workshops up to around 1820 and then a design based on the use of t...
Laura M Hillscher,Valentina J Liebich,Olga Avrutina et al.
Laura M Hillscher et al.
Functional papers are the subject of extensive research efforts and have already become an irreplaceable part of our modern society. Among other issues, they enable fast and inexpensive detection of a plethora of analytes and simplify labor...
The physical chemistry of high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry of biopolymers [0.03%]
高灵敏度差示扫描量热法的物理化学特性研究——生物高分子方面的问题与进展
Stephen Leharne
Stephen Leharne
High-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry (HSDSC) is widely used to examine the thermal behaviour of biomolecules and water-soluble polymers in aqueous solution. The principal purpose of this manuscript is to examine the thermodyna...
T M Krygowski,H Szatylowicz
T M Krygowski
Aromaticity/aromatic belongs to one of the most useful and popular terms in organic chemistry and related fields. However, aromaticity is not an unambiguous term; therefore, its definition is enumerative. The criteria are based on energy (i...
Polyoxometalates: more than a phasing tool in protein crystallography [0.03%]
多氧杂金属酸盐：蛋白质晶体学中不仅仅是相位检测的工具
Aleksandar Bijelic,Annette Rompel
Aleksandar Bijelic
Protein crystallography is the most widely used method for determining the molecular structure of proteins and obtaining structural information on protein-ligand complexes at the atomic level. As the structure determines the functions and p...
Why oppositely charged ions of equal radii have different heats of hydration? [0.03%]
为什么等半径的正负离子溶剂化焓不同？
Jan S Jaworski
Jan S Jaworski
Looking for the answer to the title question a number of oversimplifications of the Born model of ion hydration are discussed. They involved: ionic radius, dielectric saturation, structure of water molecules around ions and the nature of io...