Cynthia L Kim,Kana Maeji Carter
Cynthia L Kim
T he relationships between prolonged or chronic musculoskeletal pain and psychological factors are complex and multifactorial. The relationships can be characterized as neurobiopsychological in etiology and manifestation. Mental health infl...
Review
FP essentials. 2026 Feb:561:31-35. DOI: 2026
Liana Kobayashi,Kana Maeji Carter
Liana Kobayashi
Chronic musculoskeletal pain disorders account for 70% to 80% of chronic pain diagnoses in the United States. T he most common conditions are low back pain, neck pain, headache disorders, and knee and hip osteoarthritis. Most evidence sugge...
Review
FP essentials. 2026 Feb:561:22-29. DOI: 2026
Bradlee Sako,Kana Maeji Carter
Bradlee Sako
Musculoskeletal conditions are often managed conservatively, and injection therapies can serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic adjunct in their management. Corticosteroids are commonly injected into joints and soft tissues for their anti-in...
Review
FP essentials. 2026 Feb:561:14-22. DOI: 2026
Kana Maeji Carter,Bradlee Sako
Kana Maeji Carter
Primary care physicians often serve as the initial point of contact for patients presenting with potential fractures. Initial evaluation with plain radiography or ultrasonography can confirm the diagnosis. If clinical suspicion remains high...
Review
FP essentials. 2026 Feb:561:7-13. DOI: 2026
Musculoskeletal Treatments [0.03%]
肌肉骨骼治疗学
Kate Rowland
Kate Rowland
Jenna Greenberg,Joshua Greenberg,Anna Laurie
Jenna Greenberg
Lower extremity edema results from an imbalance between capillary hydrostatic pressure, oncotic pressure, and lymphatic drainage, leading to fluid accumulation in the interstitial space. Most cases are bilateral, typically due to systemic c...
Review
FP essentials. 2026 Mar:562:36-46. DOI: 2026
Anna Laurie,Jenna Greenberg,Joshua Greenberg
Anna Laurie
Syncope is an abrupt, transient, and complete loss of consciousness associated with an inability to maintain postural tone, followed by rapid and spontaneous recovery. Syncope is caused by temporary cerebral hypoperfusion. Presyncope descri...
Review
FP essentials. 2026 Mar:562:27-35. DOI: 2026
Jenna Greenberg,Anna Laurie,Joshua Greenberg
Jenna Greenberg
Palpitations are a common symptom, characterized by the unpleasant or alarming awareness of heartbeats. Patients may describe sensations of rapid heart rate, fluttering, pounding, or skipped beats, typically localized to the precordium, nec...
Review
FP essentials. 2026 Mar:562:17-26. DOI: 2026
Cardiovascular Signs and Symptoms: Chest Pain: Evaluation in the Office Setting [0.03%]
心血管体征和症状：胸痛：门诊评估
Jenna Greenberg,Anna Laurie,Joshua Greenberg
Jenna Greenberg
Chest pain is responsible for approximately 1% of primary care encounters. Although most etiologies are benign and self-limited, some reflect underlying pathology associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The initial office evalu...
Review
FP essentials. 2026 Mar:562:7-16. DOI: 2026
Ryan D Kauffman
Ryan D Kauffman