Subversion of cellular autophagy during virus infection: Insights from hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses [0.03%]
病毒感染期间细胞自噬的逆转——来自乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒的启示
Mohsin Khan,Hasan Imam,Aleem Siddiqui
Mohsin Khan
Autophagy is a self-eating process, in which the damaged or excessed cell organelles and misfolded protein aggregates are removed from the cellular microenvironment. Autophagy is generally thought of as a pro-survival mechanism which is not...
Sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling and the gut-liver axis in liver diseases [0.03%]
鞘氨醇-1-磷酸信号传导和肠肝轴在肝病中的作用
Eric K Kwong,Huiping Zhou
Eric K Kwong
The liver is the central organ involved in lipid metabolism and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is responsible for nutrient absorption and partitioning. Obesity, dyslipidemia and metabolic disorders are of increasing public health concern w...
Biliary endoscopy in the management of primary sclerosing cholangitis and its complications [0.03%]
内镜在原发性硬化性胆管炎及其并发症治疗中的作用
Brian M Fung,James H Tabibian
Brian M Fung
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, idiopathic, cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic bile ducts. It can affect individuals of all age groups and gender, ...
Rani Berry,James Y Han,Ani A Kardashian et al.
Rani Berry et al.
Hemobilia refers to bleeding from and/or into the biliary tract and is an uncommon but important cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Reports of hemobilia date back to the 1600s, but due to its relative rarity and challenges in diagnosis, ...
Hepatic lipid homeostasis by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 [0.03%]
过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体γ2在肝脏脂质稳态中的作用
Yoon Kwang Lee,Jung Eun Park,Mikang Lee et al.
Yoon Kwang Lee et al.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ or PPARG) is a ligand-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. It plays a master role in the differentiation and proliferation of adipose ...
Koichiro Ohashi,Michael Pimienta,Ekihiro Seki
Koichiro Ohashi
Heavy alcohol use is the cause of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). The ALD spectrum ranges from alcoholic steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. In Western countries, approximately 50% of cirrhosis-related deaths are due to al...
Mitophagy in hepatocytes: Types, initiators and role in adaptive ethanol metabolism☆ [0.03%]
肝细胞线粒体自噬：类型、启动因素及其在适应性酒精代谢中的作用
John J Lemasters,Zhi Zhong
John J Lemasters
Mitophagy (mitochondrial autophagy) in hepatocytes is an essential quality control mechanism that removes for lysosomal digestion damaged, effete and superfluous mitochondria. Mitophagy has distinct variants. In type 1 mitophagy, typical of...
Autophagy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease [0.03%]
非酒精性脂肪肝病和酒精性肝病中的自噬作用
Bilon Khambu,Shengmin Yan,Nazmul Huda et al.
Bilon Khambu et al.
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradative function that is important for liver homeostasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that autophagy is deregulated during the progression and development of alcoholic and non-al...
Huikuan Chu,Brandon Williams,Bernd Schnabl
Huikuan Chu
Intestinal bacteria contribute to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recently developed microbial profiling techniques are beginning to shed light on the nature of the changes in the gut microbiota that accompany...
Extracellular vesicles in non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver diseases [0.03%]
非酒精性和酒精性脂肪肝病的细胞外囊泡
Akiko Eguchi,Ariel E Feldstein
Akiko Eguchi
Fatty liver diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are the most common causes of chronic liver disease around the world. NAFLD and ALD can progress towards a more severe form of the disease, in...