Cognitive Development Is a Reconstruction Process that May Follow Different Pathways: The Case of Number [0.03%]
认知发展是一个可能遵循不同路径的重构过程：数字认知的例子
Jacques Lautrey
Jacques Lautrey
Some cognitive functions shared by humans and certain animals were acquired early in the course of phylogeny and, in humans, are operational in their primitive form shortly after birth. This is the case for the quantification of discrete ob...
A Solution to the Measurement Problem in the Idiographic Approach Using Computer Adaptive Practicing [0.03%]
基于计算机自适应练习的个性化测量解决方案研究
Abe D Hofman,Brenda R J Jansen,Susanne M M De Mooij et al.
Abe D Hofman et al.
Molenaar's manifesto on psychology as idiographic science (Molenaar, 2004) brought the N = 1 times series perspective firmly to the attention of developmental scientists. The rich intraindividual variation in complex developmental processes...
Intraindividual Variability in Inhibition and Prospective Memory in Healthy Older Adults: Insights from Response Regularity and Rapidity [0.03%]
健康老年人中抑制控制和前瞻记忆的个体内部差异：来自反应规律性和快速性的启示
Emilie Joly-Burra,Martial Van der Linden,Paolo Ghisletta
Emilie Joly-Burra
Successful prospective memory (PM) performance relies on executive functions, including inhibition. However, PM and inhibition are usually assessed in separate tasks, and analytically the focus is either on group differences or at most on i...
Intraindividual Variability across Neuropsychological Tests: Dispersion and Disengaged Lifestyle Increase Risk for Alzheimer's Disease [0.03%]
神经心理测试的个体内心在差：分散和脱离生活方式增加阿尔茨海默病的风险
Drew W R Halliday,Robert S Stawski,Eric S Cerino et al.
Drew W R Halliday et al.
Objective: Increased intraindividual variability (IIV) in function has been linked to various age-related outcomes including cognitive decline and dementia. Most studies have operationalized IIV as fluctuations across trials (e.g., response...
Roberto Colom,Francisco J Román
Roberto Colom
Research aimed at testing whether short-term training programs can enhance intelligence is mainly concentrated on behavior. Expected positive effects are found sometimes, but the evidence is far from conclusive. It is assumed that training ...
Individual Differences in Developmental Change: Quantifying the Amplitude and Heterogeneity in Cognitive Change across Old Age [0.03%]
发展的个体差异：量化认知变化的幅度和异质性
Nathalie Mella,Delphine Fagot,Olivier Renaud et al.
Nathalie Mella et al.
It is well known that cognitive decline in older adults is of smaller amplitude in longitudinal than in cross-sectional studies. Yet, the measure of interest rests generally with aggregated group data. A focus on individual developmental tr...
Children's Allocation of Study Time during the Solution of Raven's Progressive Matrices [0.03%]
儿童在解决瑞文标准渐进矩阵测试时分配学习时间的行为研究
Patrick Perret,Bruno Dauvier
Patrick Perret
The acuity of reasoning on Raven's Progressive Matrices is strongly influenced by strategic determinants. Building on metamemory studies that highlight the influence of study-time allocation on memory development, we investigated children's...
Elena M Galeano Weber,Judith Dirk,Florian Schmiedek
Elena M Galeano Weber
Cognitive modeling studies in adults have established that visual working memory (WM) capacity depends on the representational precision, as well as its variability from moment to moment. By contrast, visuospatial WM performance in children...
Fluid Abilities and Rule Learning: Patterning and Biconditional Discriminations [0.03%]
流动能力与规则学习：模式和互定条件歧视
Irina Baetu,Nicholas R Burns,Elsa Yu et al.
Irina Baetu et al.
Previous experience with discrimination problems that can only be solved by learning about stimulus configurations enhances performance on new configural discriminations. Some of these effects can be explained by a shift toward increased co...
Response Time Reduction Due to Retesting in Mental Speed Tests: A Meta-Analysis [0.03%]
基于重新测试的反应时减少对心理速度测验的影响：一项元分析研究
Jana Scharfen,Diego Blum,Heinz Holling
Jana Scharfen
As retest effects in cognitive ability tests have been investigated by various primary and meta-analytic studies, most studies from this area focus on score gains as a result of retesting. To the best of our knowledge, no meta-analytic stud...