Kristy A Brown,Philipp E Scherer
Kristy A Brown
Adipose tissue is the largest endocrine organ and an accepted contributor to overall energy homeostasis. There is strong evidence linking increased adiposity to the development of 13 types of cancer. With increased adiposity comes metabolic...
Treating the Side Effects of Exogenous Glucocorticoids; Can We Separate the Good From the Bad? [0.03%]
糖皮质激素的副作用治疗；好药与坏药的区别在哪里？
Riccardo Pofi,Giorgio Caratti,David W Ray et al.
Riccardo Pofi et al.
It is estimated that 2% to 3% of the population are currently prescribed systemic or topical glucocorticoid treatment. The potent anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids to deliver therapeutic benefit is not in doubt. However, the side ...
Danyal Z Khan,John G Hanrahan,Stephanie E Baldeweg et al.
Danyal Z Khan et al.
The vital physiological role of the pituitary gland, alongside its proximity to critical neurovascular structures, means that pituitary adenomas can cause significant morbidity or mortality. While enormous advancements have been made in the...
Matti L Gild,Roderick J Clifton-Bligh,Lori J Wirth et al.
Matti L Gild et al.
A personalized approach to the management of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) presents several challenges; however, in the past decade significant progress has been made in both diagnostic and treatment modalities. Germline rearranged in tran...
Logan K Townsend,Gregory R Steinberg
Logan K Townsend
Complex multicellular organisms require a coordinated response from multiple tissues to maintain whole-body homeostasis in the face of energetic stressors such as fasting, cold, and exercise. It is also essential that energy is stored effic...
Graeme Eisenhofer,Christina Pamporaki,Jacques W M Lenders
Graeme Eisenhofer
Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) require prompt consideration and efficient diagnosis and treatment to minimize associated morbidity and mortality. Once considered, appropriate biochemical testing is key to diagnosis. Advances in u...
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis: From Pathophysiology to Management [0.03%]
不适当抗利尿激素综合征：从发病机制到治疗
Annabelle M Warren,Mathis Grossmann,Mirjam Christ-Crain et al.
Annabelle M Warren et al.
Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder, affecting more than 15% of patients in the hospital. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) is the most frequent cause of hypotonic hyponatremia, mediated by nonosmotic release of...
Robert C Baxter
Robert C Baxter
The 6 high-affinity insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are multifunctional proteins that modulate cell signaling through multiple pathways. Their canonical function at the cellular level is to impede access of insulin-like...
Smita Jha,William F Simonds
Smita Jha
Recent data suggest an increase in the overall incidence of parathyroid disorders, with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) being the most prevalent parathyroid disorder. PHPT is associated with morbidities (fractures, kidney stones, chronic...
Coxsackievirus and Type 1 Diabetes: Diabetogenic Mechanisms and Implications for Prevention [0.03%]
柯萨奇病毒与1型糖尿病：致病机制及预防意义
Alexia Carré,Federica Vecchio,Malin Flodström-Tullberg et al.
Alexia Carré et al.
The evidence for an association between coxsackievirus B (CVB) infection, pancreatic islet autoimmunity, and clinical type 1 diabetes is increasing. Results from prospective cohorts and pancreas histopathology studies have provided a compel...