Kallikreins on steroids: structure, function, and hormonal regulation of prostate-specific antigen and the extended kallikrein locus [0.03%]
类固醇下的激肽释放酶：前列腺特异性抗原和扩增的激肽释放酶基因座的结构、功能及激素调节作用
Mitchell G Lawrence,John Lai,Judith A Clements
Mitchell G Lawrence
The 15 members of the kallikrein-related serine peptidase (KLK) family have diverse tissue-specific expression profiles and putative proteolytic functions. The kallikrein family is also emerging as a rich source of disease biomarkers with K...
Mark Sherlock,John Ayuk,Jeremy W Tomlinson et al.
Mark Sherlock et al.
Pituitary disease is associated with increased mortality predominantly due to vascular disease. Control of cortisol secretion and GH hypersecretion (and cardiovascular risk factor reduction) is key in the reduction of mortality in patients ...
Sheue-Yann Cheng,Jack L Leonard,Paul J Davis
Sheue-Yann Cheng
Cellular actions of thyroid hormone may be initiated within the cell nucleus, at the plasma membrane, in cytoplasm, and at the mitochondrion. Thyroid hormone nuclear receptors (TRs) mediate the biological activities of T(3) via transcriptio...
From estrogen-centric to aging and oxidative stress: a revised perspective of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis [0.03%]
从雌激素中心论到衰老与氧化应激——骨质疏松症发病机制的再思考
Stavros C Manolagas
Stavros C Manolagas
Estrogen deficiency has been considered the seminal mechanism of osteoporosis in both women and men, but epidemiological evidence in humans and recent mechanistic studies in rodents indicate that aging and the associated increase in reactiv...
Robert B Gibbs
Robert B Gibbs
The pros and cons of estrogen therapy for use in postmenopausal women continue to be a major topic of debate in women's health. Much of this debate focuses on the potential benefits vs. harm of estrogen therapy on the brain and the risks fo...
Can the genetics of type 1 and type 2 diabetes shed light on the genetics of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults? [0.03%]
1型和2型糖尿病的遗传学能为成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病的遗传学研究提供线索吗？
Struan F A Grant,Hakon Hakonarson,Stanley Schwartz
Struan F A Grant
The pathophysiology of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is considered less understood than its much better characterized counterparts of type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1D and T2D), where its clinical presentation exhibits some feat...
The secret life of NAD+: an old metabolite controlling new metabolic signaling pathways [0.03%]
NAD+的隐秘人生：一种古老的代谢物控制新的代谢信号通路
Riekelt H Houtkooper,Carles Cantó,Ronald J Wanders et al.
Riekelt H Houtkooper et al.
A century after the identification of a coenzymatic activity for NAD(+), NAD(+) metabolism has come into the spotlight again due to the potential therapeutic relevance of a set of enzymes whose activity is tightly regulated by the balance b...
Sarah E Siegelaar,Frits Holleman,Joost B L Hoekstra et al.
Sarah E Siegelaar et al.
Overall lowering of glucose is of pivotal importance in the treatment of diabetes, with proven beneficial effects on microvascular and macrovascular outcomes. Still, patients with similar glycosylated hemoglobin levels and mean glucose valu...
The effects of opioids and opioid analogs on animal and human endocrine systems [0.03%]
阿片类药及其类似物对动物和人类内分泌系统的影响
Cassidy Vuong,Stan H M Van Uum,Laura E O&#x;Dell et al.
Cassidy Vuong et al.
Opioid abuse has increased in the last decade, primarily as a result of increased access to prescription opioids. Physicians are also increasingly administering opioid analgesics for noncancer chronic pain. Thus, knowledge of the long-term ...
Sex steroid hormones, hormonal contraception, and the immunobiology of human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection [0.03%]
性类固醇激素、避孕和人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的免疫生物学关系
Zdenek Hel,Elizabeth Stringer,Jiri Mestecky
Zdenek Hel
Worldwide, an increasing number of women use oral or injectable hormonal contraceptives. However, inadequate information is available to aid women and health care professionals in weighing the potential risks of hormonal contraceptive use i...