Paolo Fiorina,Julio Voltarelli,Nicholas Zavazava
Paolo Fiorina
Current approaches aiming to cure type 1 diabetes (T1D) have made a negligible number of patients insulin-independent. In this review, we revisit the role of stem cell (SC)-based applications in curing T1D. The optimal therapeutic approach ...
The extended granin family: structure, function, and biomedical implications [0.03%]
扩大的颗粒素家族：结构、功能和生物医学意义
Alessandro Bartolomucci,Roberta Possenti,Sushil K Mahata et al.
Alessandro Bartolomucci et al.
The chromogranins (chromogranin A and chromogranin B), secretogranins (secretogranin II and secretogranin III), and additional related proteins (7B2, NESP55, proSAAS, and VGF) that together comprise the granin family subserve essential role...
Pavine L C Lefèvre,Marie-France Palin,Bruce D Murphy
Pavine L C Lefèvre
The polyamines are ubiquitous polycationic compounds. Over the past 40 yr, investigation has shown that some of these, namely spermine, spermidine, and putrescine, are essential to male and female reproductive processes and to embryo/fetal ...
Beyond low plasma T3: local thyroid hormone metabolism during inflammation and infection [0.03%]
低血浆T3水平之外：炎症和感染期间局部甲状腺激素代谢
Anita Boelen,Joan Kwakkel,Eric Fliers
Anita Boelen
Decreased serum thyroid hormone concentrations in severely ill patients were first reported in the 1970s, but the functional meaning of the observed changes in thyroid hormone levels, together known as nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS), ...
Beyond the hormone: insulin as an autoimmune target in type 1 diabetes [0.03%]
1型糖尿病中的胰岛素自身免疫靶点研究进展——激素之外
Vedran Brezar,Jean-Claude Carel,Christian Boitard et al.
Vedran Brezar et al.
Insulin is not only the hormone produced by pancreatic β-cells but also a key target antigen of the autoimmune islet destruction leading to type 1 diabetes. Despite cultural biases between the fields of endocrinology and immunology, these ...
Muriel Le Romancer,Coralie Poulard,Pascale Cohen et al.
Muriel Le Romancer et al.
Estrogen signaling pathways, because of their central role in regulating the growth and survival of breast tumor cells, have been identified as suitable and efficient targets for cancer therapies. Agents blocking estrogen activity are alrea...
Paracrine and endocrine effects of adipose tissue on cancer development and progression [0.03%]
脂肪组织在癌症发生和发展中的旁分泌和内分泌效应
Jiyoung Park,David M Euhus,Philipp E Scherer
Jiyoung Park
The past few years have provided substantial evidence for the vital role of the local tumor microenvironment for various aspects of tumor progression. With obesity and its pathophysiological sequelae still on the rise, the adipocyte is incr...
Colin J Saldanha,Luke Remage-Healey,Barney A Schlinger
Colin J Saldanha
Sex steroids have long been recognized for their dramatic impact on brain and behavior, including rapid modulation of membrane excitability. It is a widely held perception that these molecules are largely derived from peripheral sources and...
Role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes [0.03%]
钠葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2(SGLT2)抑制剂治疗2型糖尿病的作用
Muhammad A Abdul-Ghani,Luke Norton,Ralph A Defronzo
Muhammad A Abdul-Ghani
Hyperglycemia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, i.e., glucotoxicity, and it also is the major risk factor for microvascular complications. Thus, effective glycemic control will not only reduce the inci...
Robert K Semple,David B Savage,Elaine K Cochran et al.
Robert K Semple et al.
Insulin resistance is among the most prevalent endocrine derangements in the world, and it is closely associated with major diseases of global reach including diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and ovulato...