Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: essential insights into the molecular background and potential therapies for treatment [0.03%]
nephrogenic糖尿病 Insipidus：分子背景及潜在治疗方案的重要见解
Hanne B Moeller,Søren Rittig,Robert A Fenton
Hanne B Moeller
The water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2), expressed in the kidney collecting ducts, plays a pivotal role in maintaining body water balance. The channel is regulated by the peptide hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP), which exerts its effects thr...
Ides M Colin,Jean-François Denef,Benoit Lengelé et al.
Ides M Colin et al.
In thyrocytes, cell polarity is of crucial importance for proper thyroid function. Many intrinsic mechanisms of self-regulation control how the key players involved in thyroid hormone (TH) biosynthesis interact in apical microvilli, so that...
Progesterone action in endometrial cancer, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and breast cancer [0.03%]
孕酮在子宫内膜癌、子宫内膜异位症、子宫肌瘤和乳腺癌的作用
J Julie Kim,Takeshi Kurita,Serdar E Bulun
J Julie Kim
Progesterone receptor (PR) mediates the actions of the ovarian steroid progesterone, which together with estradiol regulates gonadotropin secretion, prepares the endometrium for implantation, maintains pregnancy, and differentiates breast t...
K H Williams,N A Shackel,M D Gorrell et al.
K H Williams et al.
Recent data increasingly support a complex interplay between the metabolic condition diabetes mellitus and the pathologically defined nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD predicts the development of type 2 diabetes and vice versa...
Progestogens used in postmenopausal hormone therapy: differences in their pharmacological properties, intracellular actions, and clinical effects [0.03%]
围绝经期激素治疗中所用孕激素的药理特性、细胞内作用及临床疗效的区别
Frank Z Stanczyk,Janet P Hapgood,Sharon Winer et al.
Frank Z Stanczyk et al.
The safety of progestogens as a class has come under increased scrutiny after the publication of data from the Women's Health Initiative trial, particularly with respect to breast cancer and cardiovascular disease risk, despite the fact tha...
The roles of vitamin D in skeletal muscle: form, function, and metabolism [0.03%]
维生素D在骨骼肌中的作用：形式、功能和代谢
Christian M Girgis,Roderick J Clifton-Bligh,Mark W Hamrick et al.
Christian M Girgis et al.
Beyond its established role in bone and mineral homeostasis, there is emerging evidence that vitamin D exerts a range of effects in skeletal muscle. Reports of profound muscle weakness and changes in the muscle morphology of adults with vit...
Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome revisited: an update on mechanisms and implications [0.03%]
再访胰岛素抵抗与多囊卵巢综合征：机制和影响的新认识
Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis,Andrea Dunaif
Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is now recognized as an important metabolic as well as reproductive disorder conferring substantially increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Affected women have marked insulin resistance, independent of obesity...
Radioiodine therapy in benign thyroid diseases: effects, side effects, and factors affecting therapeutic outcome [0.03%]
放射性碘在甲状腺良性疾病中的应用：疗效、副作用及影响治疗效果的因素
Steen Joop Bonnema,Laszlo Hegedüs
Steen Joop Bonnema
Radioiodine ((131)I) therapy of benign thyroid diseases was introduced 70 yr ago, and the patients treated since then are probably numbered in the millions. Fifty to 90% of hyperthyroid patients are cured within 1 yr after (131)I therapy. W...