Role of complement and complement regulatory proteins in the complications of diabetes [0.03%]
补体及其调控蛋白在糖尿病并发症中的作用
Pamela Ghosh,Rupam Sahoo,Anand Vaidya et al.
Pamela Ghosh et al.
It is well established that the organ damage that complicates human diabetes is caused by prolonged hyperglycemia, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which high levels of glucose cause tissue damage in humans are still not fully u...
TLR4 at the Crossroads of Nutrients, Gut Microbiota, and Metabolic Inflammation [0.03%]
营养物质、肠道菌群和代谢性炎症交叉点上的TLR4
Licio A Velloso,Franco Folli,Mario J Saad
Licio A Velloso
Obesity is accompanied by the activation of low-grade inflammatory activity in metabolically relevant tissues. Studies have shown that obesity-associated insulin resistance results from the inflammatory targeting and inhibition of key prote...
Genetic determination of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis: where do we stand? [0.03%]
下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴的遗传决定因素：我们目前了解多少？
Marco Medici,W Edward Visser,Theo J Visser et al.
Marco Medici et al.
For a long time it has been known that both hypo- and hyperthyroidism are associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. In recent years, it has also become clear that minor variations in thyroid function, including subclinic...
Matthew P Gilbert,Richard E Pratley
Matthew P Gilbert
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of fragility fractures despite increased body weight and normal or higher bone mineral density. The mechanisms by which T2DM increases skeletal fragility are unclear. It i...
Yuechi Xu,Zhongjie Sun
Yuechi Xu
The discovery of the Klotho (KL) gene, which was originally identified as a putative aging-suppressor gene, has generated tremendous interest and has advanced understanding of the aging process. In mice, the overexpression of the KL gene ex...
Glucose homeostasis during short-term and prolonged exposure to high altitudes [0.03%]
短期和长期暴露于高海拔时的血糖稳态
Orison O Woolcott,Marilyn Ader,Richard N Bergman
Orison O Woolcott
Most of the literature related to high altitude medicine is devoted to the short-term effects of high-altitude exposure on human physiology. However, long-term effects of living at high altitudes may be more important in relation to human d...
Gary F Lewis,Changting Xiao,Robert A Hegele
Gary F Lewis
Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a highly prevalent condition that is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. HTG may arise as a result of defective metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants, ie, impaired c...
Soluble ligands and their receptors in human embryo development and implantation [0.03%]
人类胚胎发育和着床中的可溶性配体及其受体
George A Thouas,Francisco Dominguez,Mark P Green et al.
George A Thouas et al.
Extensive evidence suggests that soluble ligands and their receptors mediate human preimplantation embryo development and implantation. Progress in this complex area has been ongoing since the 1980s, with an ever-increasing list of candidat...
Katja Hummitzsch,Richard A Anderson,Dagmar Wilhelm et al.
Katja Hummitzsch et al.
Exploring stem cells in the mammalian ovary has unleashed a Pandora's box of new insights and questions. Recent evidence supports the existence of stem cells of a number of the different cell types within the ovary. The evidence for a stem ...
From discovery to function: the expanding roles of long noncoding RNAs in physiology and disease [0.03%]
从发现到功能：长链非编码RNA在生理学和疾病中的作用不容小觑
Miao Sun,W Lee Kraus
Miao Sun
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a relatively poorly understood class of RNAs with little or no coding capacity transcribed from a set of incompletely annotated genes. They have received considerable attention in the past few years and are...