Berit Lindau,Sascha Topolinski
Berit Lindau
People prefer words with inward directed consonantal patterns (e.g., MENIKA) compared to outward patterns (KENIMA), because inward (outward) articulation movements resemble positive (negative) mouth actions such as swallowing (spitting). Th...
Reading dilemmas in a foreign language reduces both deontological and utilitarian response tendencies [0.03%]
阅读外语会减少既定伦理和功利主义反应倾向
Rafał Muda,Paweł Niszczota,Michał Białek et al.
Rafał Muda et al.
Moral dilemmas entail deciding whether to cause harm to maximize overall outcomes, such as killing 1 person to save 5. Past work has demonstrated that people are more willing to accept causing such outcome-maximizing harm when they read dil...
Cognitive and contextual correlates of spontaneous and deliberate mind-wandering [0.03%]
自发性和自觉性的走神与其认知和情景关联性
Matthew K Robison,Nash Unsworth
Matthew K Robison
Individuals with greater cognitive abilities generally show reduced rates of mind-wandering when completing relatively demanding tasks (Randall, Oswald, & Beier, 2014). However, it is yet unclear whether elevated rates of mind-wandering amo...
Near-independent capacities and highly constrained output orders in the simultaneous free recall of auditory-verbal and visuo-spatial stimuli [0.03%]
听觉-言语和视空间刺激的同时自由回忆中的近独立容量和高度受限的输出顺序
Cathleen Cortis Mack,Kevin Dent,Geoff Ward
Cathleen Cortis Mack
Three experiments examined the immediate free recall (IFR) of auditory-verbal and visuospatial materials from single-modality and dual-modality lists. In Experiment 1, we presented participants with between 1 and 16 spoken words, with betwe...
The acquisition of simple associations as observed in color-word contingency learning [0.03%]
通过颜色-单词关联学习观察简单联想的获得
Olivia Y-H Lin,Colin M MacLeod
Olivia Y-H Lin
Three experiments investigated the learning of simple associations in a color-word contingency task. Participants responded manually to the print colors of 3 words, with each word associated strongly to 1 of the 3 colors and weakly to the o...
What are the costs of degraded parafoveal previews during silent reading? [0.03%]
劣质的视幅预览在默读过程中会带来哪些成本？
Martin R Vasilev,Timothy J Slattery,Julie A Kirkby et al.
Martin R Vasilev et al.
It has been suggested that the preview benefit effect is actually a combination of preview benefit and preview costs. Marx et al. (2015) proposed that visually degrading the parafoveal preview reduces the costs associated with traditional p...
Retrieval practice makes procedure from remembering: An automatization account of the testing effect [0.03%]
练习促进程序记忆：测试效应的自动化解释
Mihály Racsmány,Ágnes Szőllősi,Dorottya Bencze
Mihály Racsmány
The "testing effect" refers to the striking phenomenon that repeated retrieval practice is one of the most effective learning strategies, and certainly more advantageous for long-term learning, than additional restudying of the same informa...
Attending globally or locally: Incidental learning of optimal visual attention allocation [0.03%]
着眼全局还是局部：视觉注意分配的最优策略的偶然学习
Melissa R Beck,Rebecca R Goldstein,Amanda E van Lamsweerde et al.
Melissa R Beck et al.
Attention allocation determines the information that is encoded into memory. Can participants learn to optimally allocate attention based on what types of information are most likely to change? The current study examined whether participant...
Can the first letter advantage be shaped by script-specific characteristics? [0.03%]
首个字母优势受文字特有属性的影响吗？
Heather Winskel,Theeraporn Ratitamkul,Manuel Perea
Heather Winskel
We examined whether the first letter advantage that has been reported in the Roman script disappears, or even reverses, depending on the characteristics of the orthography. We chose Thai because it has several "nonaligned" vowels that are w...
Thomas A Daniel,Jeffrey S Katz
Thomas A Daniel
Historically, much of what we know about human memory has been discovered in experiments using visual and verbal stimuli. In two experiments, participants demonstrated reliably high recognition for nonverbal liquids. In Experiment 1, partic...