Renewal of conditioned fear in a third context after either extinction or counterconditioning: Testing the effects of sex and hormones [0.03%]
在第三情境下经过消退或反条件作用后习得性恐惧的更新：检测性别和荷尔蒙的影响
Samantha K Moriarty,Hannah L Schoenberg,Emily A Rocco et al.
Samantha K Moriarty et al.
A series of experiments tested the role of sex and cycling ovarian hormones in the renewal of conditioned freezing after either extinction or counterconditioning. In all experiments, conditioning occurred in Context A, response reduction (e...
Paraventricular thalamic inputs to the ventral pallidum shape reward seeking during threat and fear responding in extinction [0.03%]
外侧缰核的背内侧丘脑投射在条件性恐惧消退期调节奖赏求取行为
Mahsa Moaddab,Suhui Qian,Jacob B Boyce et al.
Mahsa Moaddab et al.
Environmental threats are typically encountered when animals are searching for food and other necessities. Adaptive behavior must balance competition between fear behavior and reward seeking. We gave rats local neuronal deletions of the ven...
Chemogenetic modulation of PAC1-expressing neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) alters anxiety-related behaviors in male mice [0.03%]
化学遗传学调节终纹床核中PAC1阳性神经元可改变雄性小鼠的焦虑样行为
Mahafuza Aktar,Ava Cardarelli,Victor May et al.
Mahafuza Aktar et al.
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP, ADCYAP1) is a highly conserved neuropeptide that plays essential roles in numerous physiological functions, and central PACAP signaling has been associated with mechanisms regulatin...
Skyler M Sklenarik,Christopher N Burrows,Robert S Astur
Skyler M Sklenarik
This study investigated whether 221 undergraduates (123 males, 98 females) with varying levels of cannabis use displayed a conditioned place preference (CPP) for a virtual reality (VR) room that previously contained virtual cannabis stimuli...
Patterns of prefrontal cortical activity associated with attention-demanding and motor aspects of dual-task walking as measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy [0.03%]
基于功能性近红外光谱测量的双任务步行注意需求及运动相关前额皮质活动模式
Rini I Kaplan,Jaimie Girnis,Alissa Sebastian et al.
Rini I Kaplan et al.
The ability to engage in everyday tasks, such as walking, requires the integration of cognitive and motor processes. How these processes integrate may be discernable through the relation of brain activity patterns to behavioral performance,...
Dopaminergic responses to identity prediction errors depend differently on the orbitofrontal cortex and hippocampus [0.03%]
多巴胺对身份预测误差的反应依赖于不同的轨道前额叶皮质和海马体
Yuji K Takahashi,Zhewei Zhang,Thorsten Kahnt et al.
Yuji K Takahashi et al.
Adaptive behavior depends on the ability to predict specific events, particularly those related to rewards. Armed with such associative information, we can infer the current value of predicted rewards based on changing circumstances and des...
Anatomical connectivity-based parcellation of the human orbitofrontal cortex [0.03%]
基于解剖连接的人类眶额皮层划分
Shiloh L Echevarria-Cooper,Thorsten Kahnt
Shiloh L Echevarria-Cooper
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is critical for learning and decision making, but its organization in terms of anatomical connections to other brain areas is not well understood in humans. Here we used diffusion magnetic resonance imaging an...
Early contingency information enhances human punishment sensitivity when punishment is frequent but not rare [0.03%]
早期不利后果提示增强惩罚频率高但不是低时的人类敏感度
Kelly Gaetani,Philip Jean-Richard-Dit-Bressel,Gavan P McNally
Kelly Gaetani
Individuals differ in sensitivity to the adverse consequences of their actions. We have shown that these differences can be linked to differences in correctly learning causal relationships between actions and their negative consequences. To...
Deep brain stimulation of nucleus basalis of meynert: Effect of stimulation mode and duration on learning in rat model of dementia [0.03%]
中脑梅耶尔核深部电刺激对痴呆模型大鼠学习能力影响及电刺激模式与时间点的作用研究
Deepak Kumbhare,Megan Rajagopal,Jamie Toms et al.
Deepak Kumbhare et al.
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) has been preliminarily investigated as a potential treatment for dementia. The degeneration of NBM cholinergic neurons is a pathological feature of many forms of dementia....
Influence of context on extinguished appetitive conditioning in male and female rats [0.03%]
上下文对雄性和雌性大鼠消退的 Appetitive 条件作用的影响
Samantha K Moriarty,Shaina L Weingart,Reihane Abdollahi et al.
Samantha K Moriarty et al.
Extinction is fundamental to adaptive behavior in that it allows organisms to alter previously conditioned behaviors based on the prevailing environmental contingencies. Extinguished responses, however, will renew when the conditioned stimu...