Performance of younger and older adults on a bidirectional naming assessment [0.03%]
年轻和年长成年人双向命名评估的绩效比较研究
Emilia Heida Thorsteinsdottir,Anna Ingeborg Petursdottir,Hanna Steinunn Steingrímsdóttir
Emilia Heida Thorsteinsdottir
In research on variables that influence bidirectional naming, measurement of bidirectional naming often involves exposing children to pairs of verbal and visual stimuli, followed by testing of listener behavior and tacts. We administered a ...
Testing the evolutionary theory of behavior dynamic's predictions about choice under concurrent random-ratio schedules [0.03%]
检验行为动态的进化理论在并发随机比例程序下的选择预测能力
Edward T Blakemore,Samuel L Morris
Edward T Blakemore
The evolutionary theory of behavior dynamics (ETBD) has predicted that under concurrent random-ratio (RR) schedules, preference for the denser schedule becomes more extreme with (a) larger differences between the concurrent ratio requiremen...
Revaluing overselected stimuli: Effects of degree of posttraining extinction on stimulus overselectivity [0.03%]
训练后的消退程度对刺激过度选择性的影响
Stephanie Gomes-Ng,Sarah Cowie,Douglas Elliffe
Stephanie Gomes-Ng
When responding to a stimulus exerting overselective control over behavior is extinguished, control by underselected stimuli may emerge. We investigated how the degree of extinction influences control by underselected stimuli. Adult humans ...
Instruction consisting of a rule and set of examples and nonexamples reliably teaches concepts [0.03%]
由规则和例证组成的指令可靠地教授概念
Catherine L Williams,Jennifer C Roop
Catherine L Williams
Conceptual learning is discrimination between new examples and nonexamples and generalization to new examples. Conceptual learning can be demonstrated after practice with differential reinforcement of the correct response and is influenced ...
Spatially extended instrumental responses are organized in functional bouts [0.03%]
空间扩增的仪器反应以功能量的形式组织在一起
Matthew Gildea,Brissa Gutierrez,Adeline Hibshman et al.
Matthew Gildea et al.
Instrumental behavior is typically organized into bouts, with distinct behavioral processes seemingly governing within-bout response rate, bout-initiation rate, and bout length. This organization, however, may instead arise simply from the ...
Sho Araiba
Sho Araiba
A search for language in nonhuman animals has intrigued psychologists and ethologists, offering insights into the evolution of human linguistic abilities. Recent findings in both ethology and behavior analysis/animal cognition highlight exc...
Nadine Hempkin,Maithri Sivaraman,Dermot Barnes-Holmes
Nadine Hempkin
Children often learn the names of objects incidentally-that is without direct instruction or programmed reinforcement-simply by observing others label novel objects. A number of contextual cues have been deemed important in the development ...
Evaluating the combined effects of renewal and response-dependent reinstatement [0.03%]
评估更新和反应依赖性再现的联合效应
Ryan T Kimball,Michael P Kranak,Rodolfo Bernal-Gamboa et al.
Ryan T Kimball et al.
Renewal is a form of treatment relapse that occurs due to a change in context but in the absence of a change in contingencies. Recent prevalence data suggest that renewal may commonly occur in clinical settings, threatening the durability o...
Does e-cigarette nicotine strength influence substitution for combustible cigarettes? [0.03%]
电子烟尼古丁含量对香烟的替代效应影响大吗？
Jeffrey S Stein,Allison N Tegge,Jeremiah M Brown et al.
Jeffrey S Stein et al.
Using the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace, we examined the effects of e-liquid freebase nicotine strength (3-24 mg/mL) and e-liquid price (US$0.25-$1.00/mL) on behavioral economic substitution for cigarettes in dual cigarette/e-cigarette (...
Transfer of a novel discriminative function across functional stimulus class members in rats [0.03%]
大鼠跨功能刺激类别成员传递一种新型辨别功能
Madeleine G Mason,Elijah J Richardson,Cassondra Giarrusso et al.
Madeleine G Mason et al.
This experiment explored a rodent model of functional class formation by assessing the transfer of a novel discriminative function across class members. Following simple successive discrimination reversal training and consistently strong pr...