Neutral red uptake cytotoxicity tests for estimating starting doses for acute oral toxicity tests [0.03%]
中性红摄取毒理测试在急性口服毒性测试起始剂量估算中的应用研究
William S Stokes,Silvia Casati,Judy Strickland et al.
William S Stokes et al.
In vitro cytotoxicity assays can be used as alternative toxicity tests to reduce the total number of animals needed for acute oral toxicity tests. This unit describes two methods for determining the in vitro cytotoxicity of test substances ...
Safe use of radioisotopes [0.03%]
放射性同位素的安全使用
Jill Meisenhelder,Steve Bursik
Jill Meisenhelder
The pursuit of scientific knowledge has been considerably advanced by the use of biochemical molecules that incorporate radioisotopes at specific sites. The fate of these labeled molecules, and/or the radiolabeled products that result from ...
Hershberger assay to investigate the effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds with androgenic or antiandrogenic activity in castrate-immature male rats [0.03%]
用去势不成熟雄性大鼠模型研究具有雄激素或抗雄激素活性的环境内分泌干扰物的赫什伯格氏实验法
L Earl Gray Jr,Johnathan Furr,Joseph S Ostby
L Earl Gray Jr
The protocol described in this unit is designed to evaluate the effects of androgenic and antiandrogenic endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the castrate-immature male rat. Continuous 10-day exposure of the prepubertal male to chemical...
Fluorescence microplate reader measurement of tissue susceptibility to lipid peroxidation [0.03%]
荧光微板读板仪检测组织脂质氧化的敏感度
Jin-Gang Zhang,Marc W Fariss
Jin-Gang Zhang
This unit describes a method for the measurement of cellular membrane antioxidant capacity or susceptibility of tissue samples to lipid peroxidation using a fluorescence microplate reader. The assay is simple and has the advantage of monito...
Leslie B Poole
Leslie B Poole
Protein sulfenic acids are generated as reversibly oxidized cysteinyl residues formed upon reaction of thiols with peroxides, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and other reactive oxygen or nitrogen species. They can be stabilized within the prot...
Transgenerational (in utero/lactational) exposure to investigate the effects of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCS) in rats [0.03%]
跨代（子宫内/哺乳）接触内分泌干扰物的暴露以研究其对大鼠的影响
Joseph S Ostby,L Earl Gray Jr
Joseph S Ostby
This protocol is designed to evaluate the effects of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) through fetal (transplacental) and/or neonatal (via the dam's milk) exposure during the critical periods of reproductive organogenesis in the rat. Co...
Han Seung,Gary Wolfe,Meredith Rocca
Han Seung
Procedure of counting spermatid heads using hemacytometer.
Epididymal sperm count [0.03%]
曲细精管精子计数
Yefan Wang
Yefan Wang
Making Epididymal Sperm Counts (Yefan Wang, TherImmune Research Corporation, Gaithersberg, Maryland). Epididymal sperm counts are a widely used, simple and sensitive method of assessing the effects of male reproductive toxicants on the epid...
Monitoring endocrine function in males: using intra-atrial cannulas to monitor plasma hormonal dynamics in toxicology experiments [0.03%]
利用心脏腔静脉导管监测毒理学实验中雄性体内激素动态变化
Patricia A Fail,Stephanie A Anderson
Patricia A Fail
Intra-atrial cannulation provides assessment of endocrine change within animals. Protocols for permanent tethers used in short-term 5- to 10-day experiments and permanent vascular access used in long-term (>10 days) experiments are presente...
Dianne M Creasy
Dianne M Creasy
Histopathology is acknowledged as the most sensitive endpoint for detecting testicular toxicity. However, identification and interpretation of chemically induced changes in the testis require fundamental knowledge of spermatogenesis, its dy...