Xinzhu Pu,Zemin Wang,James E Klaunig
Xinzhu Pu
Single-cell gel electrophoresis, commonly called a comet assay, is a simple and sensitive method for assessing DNA damage at the single-cell level. It is an important technique in genetic toxicological studies. The comet assay performed und...
Measuring Mitochondrial Membrane Potential with a Tetraphenylphosphonium-Selective Electrode [0.03%]
用四苯基磷
António J Moreno,Dario L Santos,Sílvia Magalhães-Novais et al.
António J Moreno et al.
Mitochondrial bioenergetics is based on the generation of the protonmotive force by the electron transport chain. The protonmotive force is used by mitochondria for different critical aspects of its normal function, ranging from calcium acc...
Pre-Plated Cell Lines for ADMETox Applications in the Pharmaceutical Industry [0.03%]
药物行业中药物代谢动力学毒理学应用的预培养细胞系
Francisco M Torres,Zsolt Sáfár,Maria A Vázquez-Sánchez et al.
Francisco M Torres et al.
Membrane transporters significantly modulate membrane permeability of endobiotics and xenobiotics, such as bile acids and drugs, respectively. Various in vitro methods have been established for both ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters t...
Nancy L Parmalee,Shahina B Maqbool,Bin Ye et al.
Nancy L Parmalee et al.
Manganese is a metal that is required for optimal biological functioning of organisms. Absorption, cellular import and export, and excretion of manganese are all tightly regulated. While some genes involved in regulation, such as DMT-1 and ...
Deepak Dalvie,Michael Zientek
Deepak Dalvie
Aldehyde oxidase (AO) is a cytosolic molybdoflavoprotein whose contribution to the metabolism and clearance of xenobiotics-containing heterocyclic rings has attracted increased interest in recent years. This unit details methods for identif...
Inhalation toxicology methods: the generation and characterization of exposure atmospheres and inhalational exposures [0.03%]
吸入毒理学方法：暴露大气和吸入暴露的生成与表征
Lung-Chi Chen,Morton Lippmann
Lung-Chi Chen
In this unit, the need for laboratory-based inhalation toxicology studies, the historical background on adverse health effects of airborne toxicants, and the benefits of advance planning for the building of analytic options into the study d...
How to measure alterations in alveolar barrier function as a marker of lung injury [0.03%]
测定肺损伤的肺泡屏障功能变化的方法
Raquel Herrero,Gustavo Matute-Bello
Raquel Herrero
The alveolar capillary membrane maintains the proper water and solute content of the epithelial lining fluid at the alveolar air-liquid interface, which is critical for adequate gas exchange in the lung. This is possible due to the alveolar...
Junhui Zou,Wenbin Wang,Yung-Wei Pan et al.
Junhui Zou et al.
Mice rely on the sense of olfaction to detect food sources, recognize social and mating partners, and avoid predators. Many behaviors of mice, including learning and memory, social interaction, fear, and anxiety are closely associated with ...
Zuzana Drobna,Miroslav Styblo,David J Thomas
Zuzana Drobna
It is likely that at least some of the toxic and carcinogenic effects associated with exposure to inorganic arsenic are, in fact, due to actions of its methylated metabolites. Here, we provide an overview of current models for the biologica...
The history and use of human hepatocytes for the treatment of liver diseases: the first 100 patients [0.03%]
人肝细胞治疗肝病的历史和应用——首一百例患者回顾分析
Marc C Hansel,Roberto Gramignoli,Kristen J Skvorak et al.
Marc C Hansel et al.
Orthotopic liver transplantation remains the only curative treatment for many end-stage liver diseases, yet the number of patients receiving liver transplants remains limited by the number of organs available for transplant. There is a need...