[Neurocysticercosis] [0.03%]
[神经囊尾蚴病]
Hajime Hisaeda
Hajime Hisaeda
Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic disease in which the central nervous system is infected by Cysticercus cellulosae, the larvae from the pork tapeworm Taenia solium. Almost all cases are imported and acquired in developing countries with po...
[Toxoplasmosis] [0.03%]
[弓形虫病]
Kazuhiro Horiuchi,Ichiro Yabe
Kazuhiro Horiuchi
Toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) is a life-threatening opportunistic infection of the central nervous system caused by reactivation of the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Although infection is widespread and typically asymptomatic in imm...
Kenji Ohnishi
Kenji Ohnishi
When patients with malaria exhibit impaired consciousness, cerebral malaria should be considered. Although malaria parasites infect red blood cells, they do not infect neurons. Cerebral malaria is thought to occur when parasite-infected red...
[Tsutsugamushi Disease] [0.03%]
恙虫病
Yasuo Harigaya
Yasuo Harigaya
Tsutsugamushi disease is an infectious disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi and transmitted by chiggers. The ancient classical form (summer onset) has almost disappeared, but the new form (spring and autumn onset) occurs in 300-500 case...
Yukiko Inamori,Mitsuru Watanabe
Yukiko Inamori
Lyme disease is a multisystemic zoonotic infection transmitted by the bite of infected Ixodes ticks. It displays highly diverse clinical manifestations, potentially affecting a wide array of organ systems. An infection that involves the ner...
Takashi Tokashiki
Takashi Tokashiki
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira species and is characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. The disease ranges from a mild, self-limiting illness known as Akiyami to severe Wei...
[Neurosyphilis] [0.03%]
[[神经梅毒]]
Tetsuo Ando
Tetsuo Ando
Neurosyphilis is a central nervous system infection caused by Treponema pallidum and can occur at any stage of syphilis, presenting with diverse neurological and psychiatric manifestations. Although once considered a disease of the past, th...
[Mucormycosis] [0.03%]
[毛霉病]
Fukumi Nakamura-Uchiyama
Fukumi Nakamura-Uchiyama
Mucormycosis has a poor prognosis in immunocompromised individuals. Rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis spreads directly from the nasal cavity to the paranasal sinuses and then to the adjacent organs, resulting in a wide range of symptoms a...
[Candidiasis] [0.03%]
[念珠菌病]
Yasufumi Kageyama,Takashi Katakami
Yasufumi Kageyama
CNS candidiasis typically occurs in patients with candidemia, especially immunocompromised hosts or patients with neurosurgical CNS devices. The gold standard for diagnosis is identification of Candida growth in CSF culture. For initial tre...
Keisuke Hara,Nobuya Fujita
Keisuke Hara
Cerebral aspergillosis is broadly classified into hematogenous dissemination and direct invasion from the paranasal sinuses or orbit. The hematogenous form is characterized by brain abscesses and subcortical infarctions, whereas the direct ...