The Role of PYY in Pancreatic Islet Physiology and Surgical Control of Diabetes [0.03%]
PYY在胰岛生理和糖尿病手术治疗中的作用
Claudia Guida,Sam Stephen,Romain Guitton et al.
Claudia Guida et al.
Bariatric surgery in obese individuals leads to rapid and lasting remission of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This phenomenon occurs independently of weight loss possibly via a combination of factors. The incretin hormone GLP-1 has so far been reco...
Xiao-Wei Chen,Siming Li,Jiandie D Lin
Xiao-Wei Chen
Brown fat secretes endocrine factors and exerts metabolic effects beyond thermogenesis. In addition to protein factors and bioactive lipids, recent work has revealed brown fat-derived miRNAs carried by exosomes as a new means of interorgan ...
Anthony R Isles
Anthony R Isles
Serotonin 2C receptor (5HT2CR) exists as different isoforms as a result of alternate splicing. A truncated variant (5HT2CR-trunc) has no canonical receptor function and yet shows robust expression levels throughout the brain. Recent work ha...
Nuclear Receptor Function through Genomics: Lessons from the Glucocorticoid Receptor [0.03%]
基因组学中的核受体功能：来自糖皮质激素受体的启示
Daniel M Cohen,David J Steger
Daniel M Cohen
Unlocking the therapeutic potential of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) has motivated a search for small molecules that selectively modulate its ability to activate or repress gene transcription. Recently, breakthrough studies in the field ...
Cardiovascular Adiponectin Resistance: The Critical Role of Adiponectin Receptor Modification [0.03%]
心血管 adiponectin 抵抗性：adiponectin 体修饰的关键作用
Yajing Wang,Xin L Ma,Wayne Bond Lau
Yajing Wang
For the past two decades, a great deal of research has been published concerning adiponectin (APN), an abundant protein responsible for regulating numerous biologic functions including antioxidative, antinitrative, anti-inflammatory, and ca...
Jahangir Iqbal,Meghan T Walsh,Samar M Hammad et al.
Jahangir Iqbal et al.
Sphingolipids are structurally and functionally diverse molecules with significant physiologic functions and are found associated with cellular membranes and plasma lipoproteins. The cellular and plasma concentrations of sphingolipids are a...
Paul M Titchenell,Mitchell A Lazar,Morris J Birnbaum
Paul M Titchenell
During insulin-resistant states such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin fails to suppress hepatic glucose production but promotes lipid synthesis leading to hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Defining the downstream signaling ...
Alzbeta Kloudova,F Peter Guengerich,Pavel Soucek
Alzbeta Kloudova
Oxysterols are oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol formed in the human body or ingested in the diet. By modulating the activity of many proteins [e.g., liver X receptors (LXRs), oxysterol-binding proteins (OSBPs), some ATP-binding cassett...
Deactivating Fatty Acids: Acyl-CoA Thioesterase-Mediated Control of Lipid Metabolism [0.03%]
脂肪酸去活化：酰基-辅酶A硫酯酶介导的脂质代谢调控
Veronika Tillander,Stefan E H Alexson,David E Cohen
Veronika Tillander
The cellular uptake of free fatty acids (FFA) is followed by esterification to coenzyme A (CoA), generating fatty acyl-CoAs that are substrates for oxidation or incorporation into complex lipids. Acyl-CoA thioesterases (ACOTs) constitute a ...
Galina Gabriely,Michael A Wheeler,Maisa C Takenaka et al.
Galina Gabriely et al.
Glioblastoma (GBM) progression is associated with metabolic remodeling in both glioma and immune cells, resulting in the use of aerobic glycolysis as the main source of energy and biosynthetic molecules. The transcription factor hypoxia-ind...