A Novel Mechanism for Th17 Inflammation in Human Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [0.03%]
人类2型糖尿病中Th17炎症的新机制
Kaitlin Kiernan,Nancie J MacIver
Kaitlin Kiernan
In their recent study, Nicholas et al. challenge the current dogma that T cell inflammation must be fueled by glycolysis and demonstrate a novel metabolic mechanism for Th17 inflammation in human type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): a combinati...
Methylglyoxal Metabolism and Aging-Related Disease: Moving from Correlation toward Causation [0.03%]
甲基乙二醛代谢与衰老相关疾病：从关联到因果关系的探索
Rasmus Kold-Christensen,Mogens Johannsen
Rasmus Kold-Christensen
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a ubiquitous metabolite that spontaneously reacts with biopolymers forming advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs are strongly associated with aging-related diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases,...
Diet-Induced Modification of the Sperm Epigenome Programs Metabolism and Behavior [0.03%]
饮食诱导的精子表观基因组修饰编程了代谢和行为
Carina Bodden,Anthony J Hannan,Amy C Reichelt
Carina Bodden
Globally, obesity has reached epidemic proportions. The rapidly increasing numbers of overweight people can be traced back to overconsumption of energy-dense, poor-quality foods as well as physical inactivity. This development has far-reach...
Immunoregulatory Functions of Nuclear Receptors: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications [0.03%]
核受体的免疫调节功能：机制和治疗意义
Linjie Zhao,Ryan C Gimple,Zhengnan Yang et al.
Linjie Zhao et al.
Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily serve as master regulators in signaling by either positively or negatively regulating gene expression. Accumulating evidence has suggested that nuclear receptors are actively involved in immune re...
Jonas R Knudsen,Andreas M Fritzen,David E James et al.
Jonas R Knudsen et al.
The target of rapamycin complex 2 (TORC2) was discovered in 2002 in budding yeast. Its mammalian counterpart, mTORC2, was first described in 2004. Soon thereafter it was demonstrated that mTORC2 directly phosphorylates Akt on Ser473, ending...
Esperanza Arias,Ana Maria Cuervo
Esperanza Arias
Autophagy contributes to cellular quality control and energetics through lysosomal breakdown and recycling of essential cellular components. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) adds to these autophagic functions the ability to timely and sel...
Ieva Sutkeviciute,Lisa J Clark,Alex D White et al.
Ieva Sutkeviciute et al.
The parathyroid hormone (PTH) type 1 receptor (PTHR) is the canonical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for PTH and PTH-related protein (PTHrP) and the key regulator of calcium homeostasis and bone turnover. PTHR function is critical for hu...
Diabetes Type 2 and Kisspeptin: Central and Peripheral Sex-Specific Actions [0.03%]
第二型糖尿病与亲吻肽：中枢和外周的性别特异性作用
Monika Dudek,Kamil Ziarniak,Marie-Line Cateau et al.
Monika Dudek et al.
Kisspeptin (KP) plays a major role in the regulation of reproduction governed by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. However, recent findings suggest that the KP system is present not only centrally (at the level of the hypothala...
Avian Leptin: Bird's-Eye View of the Evolution of Vertebrate Energy-Balance Control [0.03%]
鸟类 leptin：从鸟的视角看脊椎动物能量平衡控制的进化
Miriam Friedman-Einat,Eyal Seroussi
Miriam Friedman-Einat
Discovery of the satiety hormone leptin in 1994 and its characterization in mammals provided a key tool to deciphering the complex mechanism governing adipose tissue regulation of appetite and energy expenditure. Surprisingly, despite the p...
Andrew A Bartlett,Hannah E Lapp,Richard G Hunter
Andrew A Bartlett
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) has been shown to be important for mediating cellular responses to stress and circulating glucocorticoids. Ligand-dependent transcriptional changes induced by GR are observed across numerous tissues. However...