Emma L Bunting,Amol Panhale,Peter McColgan et al.
Emma L Bunting et al.
Somatic expansion of the HTT CAG repeat is a key feature of Huntington's disease (HD) pathogenesis. Mismatch repair (MMR) enzymes drive this process through erroneous DNA repair, with variants in MMR genes modifying the onset and progressio...
Ventral tegmental area circuits in defensive states: Emerging mechanisms of fear and anxiety [0.03%]
伏隔核环路在防御状态中的作用：恐惧和焦虑的新兴机制
Joana Gomes-Ribeiro,Jacques Barik,Sebastian P Fernandez
Joana Gomes-Ribeiro
The ventral tegmental area (VTA) has traditionally been framed as a hub for motivation and positive reinforcement learning. However, growing evidence reveals that the VTA is also deeply embedded in defensive computations. Across glutamaterg...
Andreas Strube,Diego A Pizzagalli
Andreas Strube
Depression is marked by anhedonia, social withdrawal, and a diminished capacity to learn from positive experiences-features that can be framed within predictive processing. Here, we review findings from human electroencephalography (EEG) th...
Building neuroscience capacity in low- and middle-income countries: Lessons from Ghana [0.03%]
在低收入和中等收入国家建设神经科学能力：来自冈比亚的启示
Thomas A Tagoe,Robert P Biney,Delali Ed-Bansah et al.
Thomas A Tagoe et al.
Neuroscience development in low- and middle-income countries is often constrained by multiple factors, including fragmented training, funding gaps, and limited infrastructure. However, the growth of neuroscience in Ghana has shown that prof...
Emulating the periodic table: A unified list of CNS terms and abbreviations for humans and experimental animals [0.03%]
仿效元素周期表：人类和实验动物中枢神经系统术语和缩略词的统一列表
George Paxinos,Marshall A Dalton,Kristie L Smith et al.
George Paxinos et al.
Unlike chemistry, which has the periodic table for abbreviations of the elements, neuroscience does not have agreed-upon abbreviations, even when neuroanatomical terminology is agreed upon. Neuroscientists at times mint abbreviations with l...
From chromatin dynamics to brain disease: Polycomb-Trithorax mechanisms in neurodevelopment [0.03%]
从染色质动态到脑疾病：Polycomb-Trithorax机制在神经发育中的作用
Victoria L Castro,Matthew B So,Jamy C Peng
Victoria L Castro
Neurogenesis requires precise coordination of gene expression, a process governed by the Polycomb (PcG) and Trithorax (TrxG) group proteins. In this review, we discuss how these proteins balance stem cell maintenance with neuronal different...
Striatum regulates the cortex via the basal forebrain cholinergic system: A role for substance P [0.03%]
纹状体通过基底前脑胆碱能系统调节皮层：P物质的作用
Heinz Steiner
Heinz Steiner
Basal ganglia-cortical interactions are critical for goal-directed behavior. Sun et al. recently demonstrated a novel mechanism by which the striatum may impact the cortex via basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. These neurons are activated...
A large brain adds new types of neurons: Molecular and functional signatures of spindle neurons in the human neocortex [0.03%]
人大脑新增神经元类型：人类新皮层梭形神经元的分子和功能特征
Karri Lamsa,Viktor Szegedi
Karri Lamsa
Although mammalian brains share a common structural plan, expanded neocortices contain specialized neuron types absent from smaller brains. Using human neurosurgical tissue, Ke and colleagues combined multimodal analyses to establish spindl...
James R Broatch,Nicholas J Saner,Melinda L Jackson et al.
James R Broatch et al.
The glymphatic system is a brain-wide perivascular network hypothesized to facilitate the clearance of waste products that accumulate during normal brain activity, including neurotoxic proteins implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Emer...
The neural basis of laughter [0.03%]
笑声的神经基础
Fausto Caruana,Sophie K Scott
Fausto Caruana
Laughter is a universal social signal and a defining clinical sign of various neurological disorders. Yet, its neural orchestration remains elusive, due in part to the challenge of reproducing its spontaneous nature in the laboratory. In th...