George Khushf
George Khushf
What clinicians, biomedical scientists, and other health care professionals know as individuals or as groups and how they come to know and use knowledge are central concerns of medical epistemology. Activities associated with knowledge prod...
Ashley Graham Kennedy
Ashley Graham Kennedy
In this paper I argue that ethics and evidence are intricately intertwined within the clinical practice of differential diagnosis. Too often, when a disease is difficult to diagnose, a physician will dismiss it as being "not real" or "all i...
Leah McClimans
Leah McClimans
Measurement outcomes are frequently used as evidence in favor of or against medical and surgical interventions, health policies, and system designs. Indeed, in the medical and health services research literature, outcomes are the currency o...
"Choosing wisely" to reduce low-value care: a conceptual and ethical analysis [0.03%]
明智抉择：减少低效医疗概念及伦理分析
J S Blumenthal-Barby
J S Blumenthal-Barby
The American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Foundation has recently initiated a campaign called "Choosing Wisely," which is aimed at reducing "low-value" care services. Lists of low-value care services are being developed and the ABIM Fo...
James A Marcum
James A Marcum
What role, if any, should emotions play in clinical reasoning and decision making? Traditionally, emotions have been excluded from clinical reasoning and decision making, but with recent advances in cognitive neuropsychology they are now co...
Halley S Faust
Halley S Faust
Clinical primary prevention eliminates or preempts either a susceptibility or risk (synergistically a cause) in order to avoid a specific harm. Philosophically, primary prevention gets caught in the metaphysical controversy of the "hard que...
Pragmatism, metaphysics, and bioethics: beyond a theory of moral deliberation [0.03%]
实用主义、形而上学与生物伦理学：道德审慎理论之外的问题
Matthew Pamental
Matthew Pamental
Pragmatism has been understood by bioethicists as yet another rival in the "methods wars," as yet another theory of moral deliberation. This has led to criticism of pragmatic bioethics as both theoretically and practically inadequate. Pragm...
Scott Gelfand
Scott Gelfand
In his influential 1987 essay, "Equipoise and The Ethics of Randomized Clinical Research," Benjamin Freedman argued that Charles Fried's theoretical equipoise requirement threatened clinical research because it was overwhelmingly fragile an...
The social model of disability: dichotomy between impairment and disability [0.03%]
残疾的社会模型：残疾人与残疾之间的二分法
Dimitris Anastasiou,James M Kauffman
Dimitris Anastasiou
The rhetoric of the social model of disability is presented, and its basic claims are critiqued. Proponents of the social model use the distinction between impairment and disability to reduce disabilities to a single social dimension-social...
Samuel C M Birch
Samuel C M Birch
Miller, Truog, and Brock have recently argued that the "dead donor rule," the requirement that donors be determined to be dead before vital organs are procured for transplantation, cannot withstand ethical scrutiny. In their view, the dead ...