Rana Bozorgmanesh,K Gary Magdesian
Rana Bozorgmanesh
Liver dysfunction may reduce the metabolism of drugs that undergo extensive hepatic processing. This will lead to reduced clearance and elimination, and can cause accumulation of the drug, increasing the risk of toxicity. Pentoxifylline and...
Jamie J Kopper
Jamie J Kopper
Clinical signs associated with liver disease in horses are often a reflection of underlying hepatic dysfunction but typically vague rather than pathognomonic. Many observed clinical signs are subtle or not recognizable in the early stages o...
Joanne Haughan,Jessica Cathcart,Joy E Tomlinson
Joanne Haughan
Horses in racing and race training can develop high gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) syndrome (HGS), or increased GGT without overt evidence of primary liver disease. Current evidence points toward overtraining and a response to oxidative s...
Joy E Tomlinson
Joy E Tomlinson
Sarah F Colmer,Kathryn J Timko,Amanda N Samuels
Sarah F Colmer
Hepatic encephalopathy is a neurologic syndrome caused by hepatic insufficiency or portosystemic shunting, leading to the accumulation of ammonia and other neurotoxins. Clinical signs range from subtle behavioral changes to seizures and rec...
Viral Hepatitis [0.03%]
病毒性肝炎
Joy Tomlinson
Joy Tomlinson
Since 2012, 2 viral causes of hepatitis have been identified in horses. Much remains to be discovered about their transmission, risk factors for clinical disease, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. Equine parvovirus-hepatitis has been ide...
Leslie C Sharkey
Leslie C Sharkey
Liver disease in horses is primarily evaluated using the routine serum biochemical profile with a few additional specialty tests of liver function that are performed when indicated. Serum enzyme activities are evaluated to indicate hepatoce...
Sandra D Taylor,Stephanie N Brooks
Sandra D Taylor
Miscellaneous equine liver conditions not covered in other chapters include chronic active hepatitis, Tyzzer's disease, seasonal idiopathic hepatitis, neoplasia, and idiopathic persistent hyperbilirubinemia. Chronic active hepatitis refers ...
Simon F Peek,Kimberley Sebastian
Simon F Peek
This review will mainly focus on the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of cholangiohepatitis in adult horses. The condition is often accompanied by some degree of intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic biliary obstruction with "sludgy" bile ...
Andy E Durham
Andy E Durham
Prognostic information in equine liver disease can be gleaned from historical, clinical, clinicopathological, ultrasonographic, and histopathological features. However, given the multiple causes and subtypes of liver disease affecting horse...