Psittacosis [0.03%]
鹦鹉热肺炎
Andrew J Stewardson,M Lindsay Grayson
Andrew J Stewardson
Psittacosis is a systemic zoonotic infection with protean clinical features. The major risk factor is exposure to birds; bird owners, veterinarians, those involved with breeding and selling birds, and commercial poultry processors are most ...
The first atypical pneumonia: the history of the discovery of Mycoplasma pneumoniae [0.03%]
支原体肺炎的发现历程——首个非典型肺炎的故事
Cheston B Cunha
Cheston B Cunha
The subject of atypical pneumonias is of great medical and historical interest to modern physicians. Although these diseases have no doubt affected humans throughout our history, it is not until the mid-twentieth century that physicians fir...
Burke A Cunha
Burke A Cunha
Current use for old antibacterial agents: polymyxins, rifamycins, and aminoglycosides [0.03%]
老一代抗生素的新应用：多粘菌素、利福霉素和氨基糖苷类抗生素
Luke F Chen,Donald Kaye
Luke F Chen
This article reviews three classes of antibacterial agents that are uncommonly used in bacterial infections and therefore can be thought of as special-use agents. The polymyxins are reserved for gram-negative bacilli that are resistant to v...
The newer fluoroquinolones [0.03%]
新型氟喹诺酮类药物
Maureen K Bolon
Maureen K Bolon
Clinicians have enthusiastically used fluoroquinolones owing to their good safety profile and wide range of indications. This article reviews fluoroquinolone pharmacology, pharmacodynamic principles, and fluoroquinolone resistance mechanism...
Macrolides, ketolides, and glycylcyclines: azithromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, tigecycline [0.03%]
大环内酯类、甲氧肟基内酯类和甘氨酰环素类：阿奇霉素、克拉霉素、泰利霉素、替加环素
Jerry M Zuckerman,Fozia Qamar,Bartholomew R Bono
Jerry M Zuckerman
The advanced macrolides, azithromycin and clarithromycin, and the ketolide, telithromycin, are structural analogs of erythromycin. They have several distinct advantages when compared with erythromycin, including enhanced spectrum of activit...
Newer beta-lactam antibiotics: doripenem, ceftobiprole, ceftaroline, and cefepime [0.03%]
新型β-内酰胺类抗生素：多利培南、斯沃比司特、塞诺拉定及希刻劳
Jose A Bazan,Stanley I Martin,Kenneth M Kaye
Jose A Bazan
This article reviews the new beta-lactam (beta-lactam) antibiotics doripenem, ceftobiprole, and ceftaroline. It covers pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, dosing, in vitro activities, safety, and clinical trial results. Doripene...
Antibiotics for gram-positive bacterial infections: vancomycin, teicoplanin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, oxazolidinones, daptomycin, dalbavancin, and telavancin [0.03%]
治疗革兰阳性菌感染的抗生素：万古霉素、替考拉宁、奎奴普丁/达福普林、恶唑烷酮类、达托霉素、达尔巴滨和泰拉万锌
Michael D Nailor,Jack D Sobel
Michael D Nailor
An overview of the mechanism of action, dosing, clinical indications, and toxicities of the glycopeptide vancomycin is provided. The emerging gram-positive bacterial resistance to antimicrobials and its mechanisms are reviewed. Strategies t...
Topical antibacterial agents [0.03%]
外用抗生素
Peter A Lio,Elaine T Kaye
Peter A Lio
Decreased systemic toxicity, ease of application, and increased concentrations at the target site are some of the important advantages topical antibacterial agents offer. This article reviews the literature on selected indications for these...
Justine Miranda,Allan R Tunkel
Justine Miranda
The principles of antimicrobial therapy for acute bacterial meningitis include use of agents that penetrate well into cerebrospinal fluid and attain appropriate cerebrospinal fluid concentrations, are active in purulent cerebrospinal fluid,...