Mind Everywhere: A Framework for Conceptualizing Goal-Directedness in Biology and Other Domains-Part Two [0.03%]
无所不在的意识：构建生物学及其他领域的目标导向性框架（第二部分）
Michael Levin,David B Resnik
Michael Levin
What makes a system-evolved, engineered, or hybrid-describable by teleological and mentalistic terms such as intelligent, goal-directed, cognitive, and intentional? In this two-part article, we review classical thought on teleology in the l...
Mind Everywhere: A Framework for Conceptualizing Goal-Directedness in Biology and Other Domains-Part One [0.03%]
无所不在的心灵：一个在生物学及其他领域中进行目的指向性概念化的框架——第一部分
Michael Levin,David B Resnik
Michael Levin
What makes a system-evolved, engineered, or hybrid-describable by teleological and mentalistic terms such as intelligent, goal-directed, cognitive, and intentional? In this two-part article, we review classical thought on teleology in the l...
Walter Veit,Samuel J L Gascoigne,Roberto Salguero-Gómez
Walter Veit
In this article, we revisit the longstanding debate of whether there is a pattern in the evolution of organisms towards greater complexity, and how this hypothesis could be tested using an interdisciplinary lens. We argue that this debate r...
The Limits of Our Explanation: A Case Study in Myxococcus xanthus Cooperation [0.03%]
我们的解释限度：米氏裸菌合作的案例研究
Saira Khan
Saira Khan
In this article, I demonstrate two ways in which our major theories of the evolution of cooperation may fail to capture particular social phenomena. The first shortcoming of our current major theories stems from the possibility of mischarac...
Bernd Rosslenbroich,Susanna Kümmell,Benjamin Bembé
Bernd Rosslenbroich
A central characteristic of living organisms is their agency, that is, their intrinsic activity, both in terms of their basic life processes and their behavior in the environment. This aspect is currently a subject of debate and this articl...
Context Matters: A Response to Autzen and Okasha's Reply to Takacs and Bourrat [0.03%]
背景考量：回应Autzen和Okasha对Takacs和Bourrat的反驳
Peter Takacs,Pierrick Bourrat
Peter Takacs
In a recent reply to Takacs and Bourrat's article (Biol Philos 37:12, 2022), Autzen and Okasha (Biol Philos 37:37, 2022) question our characterization of the relationship between the geometric mean and arithmetic mean measures of fitness. W...
Agency, Goal-Directed Behavior, and Part-Whole Relationships in Biological Systems [0.03%]
生物系统中的能动性、目的性行为和部分整体关系
Richard Watson
Richard Watson
In this essay we aim to present some considerations regarding a minimal but concrete notion of agency and goal-directed behavior that are useful for characterizing biological systems at different scales. These considerations are a particula...
Teleonomy: Revisiting a Proposed Conceptual Replacement for Teleology [0.03%]
Teleonomy：对teleology的备选概念替代进行再思考
Max Dresow,Alan C Love
Max Dresow
The concept of teleonomy has been attracting renewed attention recently. This is based on the idea that teleonomy provides a useful conceptual replacement for teleology, and even that it constitutes an indispensable resource for thinking bi...
Robert N Spengler rd,Frank Kienast,Patrick Roberts et al.
Robert N Spengler rd et al.
Extinct megafaunal mammals in the Americas are often linked to seed-dispersal mutualisms with large-fruiting tree species, but large-fruiting species in Europe and Asia have received far less attention. Several species of arboreal Maloideae...
Stephen T Asma
Stephen T Asma
After a long hiatus, psychology and philosophy are returning to formal study of imagination. While excellent work is being done in the current environment, this article argues for a stronger thesis than usually adopted. Imagination is not j...