Brenden M Lake,Neil D Lawrence,Joshua B Tenenbaum
Brenden M Lake
Both scientists and children make important structural discoveries, yet their computational underpinnings are not well understood. Structure discovery has previously been formalized as probabilistic inference about the right structural form...
Scott Friedman,Kenneth Forbus,Bruce Sherin
Scott Friedman
People use commonsense science knowledge to flexibly explain, predict, and manipulate the world around them, yet we lack computational models of how this commonsense science knowledge is represented, acquired, utilized, and revised. This is...
Once a French Speaker, Always a French Speaker? Bilingual Children's Thinking About the Stability of Language [0.03%]
曾经的法语使用者还会一直是法语使用者吗？双语儿童关于语言稳定性思考
Jocelyn B Dautel,Katherine D Kinzler
Jocelyn B Dautel
Despite early emerging and impressive linguistic abilities, young children demonstrate ostensibly puzzling beliefs about the nature of language. In some circumstances monolingual children even express the belief that an individual's languag...
Using Statistical Models of Morphology in the Search for Optimal Units of Representation in the Human Mental Lexicon [0.03%]
利用形态统计模型搜索人类心理词库中表示的最佳单位
Sami Virpioja,Minna Lehtonen,Annika Hultén et al.
Sami Virpioja et al.
Determining optimal units of representing morphologically complex words in the mental lexicon is a central question in psycholinguistics. Here, we utilize advances in computational sciences to study human morphological processing using stat...
The Changing Role of Sound-Symbolism for Small Versus Large Vocabularies [0.03%]
小型词汇与大型词汇中声音象征作用的变化
James Brand,Padraic Monaghan,Peter Walker
James Brand
Natural language contains many examples of sound-symbolism, where the form of the word carries information about its meaning. Such systematicity is more prevalent in the words children acquire first, but arbitrariness dominates during later...
Stereotype Threat Effects on Learning From a Cognitively Demanding Mathematics Lesson [0.03%]
刻板印象威胁对数学课学习的影响
Emily McLaughlin Lyons,Nina Simms,Kreshnik N Begolli et al.
Emily McLaughlin Lyons et al.
Stereotype threat-a situational context in which individuals are concerned about confirming a negative stereotype-is often shown to impact test performance, with one hypothesized mechanism being that cognitive resources are temporarily co-o...
First Direct Evidence of Cue Integration in Reorientation: A New Paradigm [0.03%]
首份关于方位反应中线索整合的直接证据：一种新模式
Alexandra D Twyman,Mark P Holden,Nora S Newcombe
Alexandra D Twyman
There are several models of the use of geometric and feature cues in reorientation (Cheng, Huttenlocher, & Newcombe, ). The adaptive combination approach posits that people integrate cues with weights that depend on cue salience and learnin...
Spatializing Emotion: No Evidence for a Domain-General Magnitude System [0.03%]
空间化的情感：没有证据表明存在一种通用的数量系统
Benjamin Pitt,Daniel Casasanto
Benjamin Pitt
People implicitly associate different emotions with different locations in left-right space. Which aspects of emotion do they spatialize, and why? Across many studies people spatialize emotional valence, mapping positive emotions onto their...
Thomas Blanchard,Tania Lombrozo,Shaun Nichols
Thomas Blanchard
Occam's razor-the idea that all else being equal, we should pick the simpler hypothesis-plays a prominent role in ordinary and scientific inference. But why are simpler hypotheses better? One attractive hypothesis known as Bayesian Occam's ...
"Economies of Experience"-Disambiguation of Degraded Stimuli Leads to a Decreased Dispersion of Eye-Movement Patterns [0.03%]
“体验的经济性”——贬低刺激的消除导致眼动模式分散度降低
Magdalena Ewa Król,Michał Król
Magdalena Ewa Król
We demonstrate "economies of experience" in eye-movement patterns-that is, optimization of eye-movement patterns aimed at more efficient and less costly visual processing, similar to the priming-induced formation of sparser cortical represe...