Diversity and Evolvability of Self-/Nonself-Discrimination and the Origins of Vertebrate Adaptive Immunity [0.03%]
自我/非自我识别的多样性和可演化性以及脊椎动物适应性免疫的起源
Anthony W De Tomaso,Henry Rodriguez-Valbuena
Anthony W De Tomaso
The ability to discriminate self from nonself is found throughout the tree of life and underlies a diverse range of processes, including immunity, mate choice, and cooperative social interactions. Self-/nonself-recognition also operates dur...
Hidden Messages in Extracellular Vesicles: Cross-Kingdom RNA Communication in Plant and Microbe Interactions [0.03%]
隐藏在细胞外囊泡中的信息：植物与微生物互作中跨王国的RNA交流
Qiang Cai,Simoné Murguia,Hailing Jin
Qiang Cai
RNAs are versatile polynucleotides that perform essential functions in coding, regulation, catalysis, and structural organization across all forms of life. While most RNAs function endogenously within an organism, certain RNAs, including sm...
Christine Mayr
Christine Mayr
The cytoplasm of vertebrate cells is compartmentalized into the cytosol and several messenger RNA (mRNA)-scaffolded condensates, present at steady-state conditions and in the absence of stress. They include TIS granules and the FXR1 network...
Andrew P McMahon
Andrew P McMahon
Seventy years of developmental studies have identified the cellular framework and key developmental mechanisms underpinning mammalian kidney development. This understanding has centered on rodent research, where developmental genetics in th...
Matthew L Kraushar
Matthew L Kraushar
Neurodevelopment is the transformation of genetic information into diverse neuronal phenotypes. Developmental signals initiate patterns of gene transcription and translation that drive progenitors toward a great variety of neurons and nervo...
The Origin and Early Evolution of Fungi: Challenges, Inferences, and Principles [0.03%]
真菌的起源和早期演化：挑战、推断与原则
Antonis Rokas
Antonis Rokas
Fungi are widespread on our planet and essential for life as we know it, but how did they come about? Their last common ancestor lived hundreds of millions of years ago, but its characteristics, and the contours of early fungal evolution, r...
Rebecca G Wells,Neil D Theise
Rebecca G Wells
The mammalian interstitium is a body-wide network of fluid-filled, prelymphatic spaces. Recent studies demonstrate that it exists at three scales in continuity both within and between organs, comprising intercellular, pericapillary, and lar...
Emerging Patterns in the Functional and Developmental Genetics of Mimicry Supergenes [0.03%]
拟态超级基因的功能和发育遗传学中的新兴模式
Sofia I Sheikh,Nicholas W VanKuren,Marcus R Kronforst
Sofia I Sheikh
Development depends on the coordinated activity of many genes acting across time and space within each individual, yet many species can produce multiple discrete phenotypes. Such complex balanced polymorphisms are often controlled by superg...
Liliana Piñeros,Rebecca Heald
Liliana Piñeros
The scaling relationship between metabolic rate and body mass is a foundational principle in biology that links physiology, ecology, and evolution. From early empirical studies-most notably Kleiber's observation of 3/4 power law scaling-to ...
Maciej A Kerlin,Shivali Dongre,Eleonora Perego et al.
Maciej A Kerlin et al.
Transcription is a key process in the life of cells. In the 1990s, cell biologists observed that transcription often takes place in discrete transcription bodies in eukaryotic nuclei, which has sparked an exciting new field of research. Tra...