Michael Cary,Heather Stephens
Michael Cary
The COVID-19 pandemic increased the risk of travelling, working, and participating in public events. To test whether there were gendered differences in the response to COVID-19, we examine the behavior of male and female professional tennis...
Jeffrey Cross,Richard Uhrig
Jeffrey Cross
This paper studies the effect of fan attendance on home field advantage in top European soccer leagues. We exploit exogenous variation in the level of fan attendance driven by COVID-19 mitigation policies and find that the home field advant...
The Effect of the Crowd on Home Bias: Evidence from NBA Games During the COVID-19 Pandemic [0.03%]
新冠疫情下的NBA赛事与主场优势及本土偏好的实证研究
Hua Gong
Hua Gong
The present study examines a specific type of referee biases, home bias, and analyzes how the presence of fans affects home bias by using NBA games played in empty arenas during the COVID-19 pandemic in the 2020-2021 season and matches play...
COVID-19 Diffusion Before Awareness: The Role of Football Match Attendance in Italy [0.03%]
疫情 awareness 前的 COVID-19 扩散：意大利足球比赛观众的作用
Vincenzo Alfano
Vincenzo Alfano
Anecdotal evidence suggests that football matches may have played a role in the spread of COVID-19 all over Europe. Nevertheless, from a scientific point of view, the impact of football matches on the spread of COVID-19 remains unclear. In ...
Has the NFL's Rooney Rule Efforts "Leveled the Field" for African American Head Coach Candidates? [0.03%]
美式足球联合会的Rooney规则为非裔美国主教练候选人争取到了公平竞争的机会吗？
Janice Fanning Madden,Matthew Ruther
Janice Fanning Madden
Madden (2004) and Madden and Ruther (2009) provide evidence that African American National Football League (NFL) head coaches significantly out-performed their white counterparts between 1990 and 2002. They conclude that this evidence is co...