Diego A Golombek,Ruth E Rosenstein
Diego A Golombek
Mammalian circadian rhythms are controlled by endogenous biological oscillators, including a master clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Since the period of this oscillation is of approximately 24 h, to keep synch...
Adrenergic signaling polymorphisms and their impact on cardiovascular disease [0.03%]
肾上腺素能信号传导多态性及其对心血管疾病的影响
Gerald W Dorn nd
Gerald W Dorn nd
This review examines the impact of recent discoveries defining personal genetics of adrenergic signaling polymorphisms on scientific discovery and medical practice related to cardiovascular diseases. The adrenergic system is the major regul...
Benedikt Grothe,Michael Pecka,David McAlpine
Benedikt Grothe
The ability to determine the location of a sound source is fundamental to hearing. However, auditory space is not represented in any systematic manner on the basilar membrane of the cochlea, the sensory surface of the receptor organ for hea...
Molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutical targets in Huntington's disease [0.03%]
亨廷顿病的分子机制及潜在治疗靶点
Chiara Zuccato,Marta Valenza,Elena Cattaneo
Chiara Zuccato
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the gene encoding for huntingtin protein. A lot has been learned about this disease since its first description in 1872 and the identification of ...
Inna Sekirov,Shannon L Russell,L Caetano M Antunes et al.
Inna Sekirov et al.
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and suscep...
Role of innate immunity in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric malignancy [0.03%]
固有免疫在幽门螺旋杆菌诱导的胃恶性肿瘤中的作用
Richard M Peek Jr,Chris Fiske,Keith T Wilson
Richard M Peek Jr
Helicobacter pylori colonizes the majority of persons worldwide, and the ensuing gastric inflammatory response is the strongest singular risk factor for peptic ulceration and gastric cancer. However, only a fraction of colonized individuals...
Muscle KATP channels: recent insights to energy sensing and myoprotection [0.03%]
肌肉KATP通道：能量感应和肌保护的新见解
Thomas P Flagg,Decha Enkvetchakul,Joseph C Koster et al.
Thomas P Flagg et al.
ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels are present in the surface and internal membranes of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle cells and provide a unique feedback between muscle cell metabolism and electrical activity. In so doing, the...
Olaf Pongs,Jürgen R Schwarz
Olaf Pongs
Since the first discovery of Kvbeta-subunits more than 15 years ago, many more ancillary Kv channel subunits were characterized, for example, KChIPs, KCNEs, and BKbeta-subunits. The ancillary subunits are often integral parts of native Kv c...
The ventilatory response to hypoxia in mammals: mechanisms, measurement, and analysis [0.03%]
哺乳动物低氧通气反应：机制、测定和分析
Luc J Teppema,Albert Dahan
Luc J Teppema
The respiratory response to hypoxia in mammals develops from an inhibition of breathing movements in utero into a sustained increase in ventilation in the adult. This ventilatory response to hypoxia (HVR) in mammals is the subject of this r...
Physiology of kidney renin [0.03%]
肾脏肾素的生理学
Hayo Castrop,Klaus Höcherl,Armin Kurtz et al.
Hayo Castrop et al.
The protease renin is the key enzyme of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cascade, which is relevant under both physiological and pathophysiological settings. The kidney is the only organ capable of releasing enzymatically active renin. Alt...