Framing spatial cognition: neural representations of proximal and distal frames of reference and their roles in navigation [0.03%]
空间认知的框架：近端和远端参考框架的神经表征及其在导航中的作用
James J Knierim,Derek A Hamilton
James J Knierim
The most common behavioral test of hippocampus-dependent, spatial learning and memory is the Morris water task, and the most commonly studied behavioral correlate of hippocampal neurons is the spatial specificity of place cells. Despite dec...
The unfolded protein response: integrating stress signals through the stress sensor IRE1α [0.03%]
未折叠蛋白反应：通过压力传感器IRE1α整合压力信号
Claudio Hetz,Fabio Martinon,Diego Rodriguez et al.
Claudio Hetz et al.
Stress induced by accumulation of unfolded proteins at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a classic feature of secretory cells and is observed in many tissues in human diseases including cancer, diabetes, obesity, and neurodegeneration. Cell...
What genetics tells us about the causes and mechanisms of Parkinson's disease [0.03%]
遗传学揭示了帕金森病的病因及发病机制吗？
Olga Corti,Suzanne Lesage,Alexis Brice
Olga Corti
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common motor disorder of mysterious etiology. It is due to the progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra and is accompanied by the appearance of intraneuronal inclusions enric...
Evgeny V Mymrikov,Alim S Seit-Nebi,Nikolai B Gusev
Evgeny V Mymrikov
Modern classification of the family of human small heat shock proteins (the so-called HSPB) is presented, and the structure and properties of three members of this family are analyzed in detail. Ubiquitously expressed HSPB1 (HSP27) is invol...
Normalization of the vasculature for treatment of cancer and other diseases [0.03%]
用于治疗癌症和其他疾病的血管标准化疗法
Shom Goel,Dan G Duda,Lei Xu et al.
Shom Goel et al.
New vessel formation (angiogenesis) is an essential physiological process for embryologic development, normal growth, and tissue repair. Angiogenesis is tightly regulated at the molecular level. Dysregulation of angiogenesis occurs in vario...
Mark A Sussman,Mirko Völkers,Kimberlee Fischer et al.
Mark A Sussman et al.
One of the greatest examples of integrated signal transduction is revealed by examination of effects mediated by AKT kinase in myocardial biology. Positioned at the intersection of multiple afferent and efferent signals, AKT exemplifies a m...
The dynamic modulation of GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in regulating the plasticity of inhibitory synapses [0.03%]
GABA(A)受体转运的动态调节及其在抑制性突触可塑性中的作用
Mansi Vithlani,Miho Terunuma,Stephen J Moss
Mansi Vithlani
Inhibition in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is mediated by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The fast inhibitory actions of GABA are mediated by GABA type A receptors (GABA(A)Rs); they mediate both phasic and tonic inhibition ...
Marcos Malumbres
Marcos Malumbres
The basic biology of the cell division cycle and its control by protein kinases was originally studied through genetic and biochemical studies in yeast and other model organisms. The major regulatory mechanisms identified in this pioneer wo...
Factor XIII: a coagulation factor with multiple plasmatic and cellular functions [0.03%]
第十三因子：一种具有多种血浆和细胞功能的凝血因子
László Muszbek,Zsuzsanna Bereczky,Zsuzsa Bagoly et al.
László Muszbek et al.
Factor XIII (FXIII) is unique among clotting factors for a number of reasons: 1) it is a protransglutaminase, which becomes activated in the last stage of coagulation; 2) it works on an insoluble substrate; 3) its potentially active subunit...
Yosef Yarom,Jorn Hounsgaard
Yosef Yarom
Noise and variability are fundamental companions to ion channels and synapses and thus inescapable elements of brain function. The overriding unresolved issue is to what extent noise distorts and limits signaling on one hand and at the same...