David L Bennett,Alex J Clark,Jianying Huang et al.
David L Bennett et al.
Acute pain signaling has a key protective role and is highly evolutionarily conserved. Chronic pain, however, is maladaptive, occurring as a consequence of injury and disease, and is associated with sensitization of the somatosensory nervou...
Arianna Calcinotto,Jaskaren Kohli,Elena Zagato et al.
Arianna Calcinotto et al.
Cellular senescence is a permanent state of cell cycle arrest that occurs in proliferating cells subjected to different stresses. Senescence is, therefore, a cellular defense mechanism that prevents the cells to acquire an unnecessary damag...
Innate Immune Signaling and Its Role in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases [0.03%]
固有免疫信号转导及其在代谢和心血管疾病中的作用
Meng Xu,Peter P Liu,Hongliang Li
Meng Xu
The innate immune system is an evolutionarily conserved system that senses and defends against infection and irritation. Innate immune signaling is a complex cascade that quickly recognizes infectious threats through multiple germline-encod...
Gerald A Dienel
Gerald A Dienel
Glucose is the long-established, obligatory fuel for brain that fulfills many critical functions, including ATP production, oxidative stress management, and synthesis of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and structural components. Neurona...
Enrrico Bloise,Pasquapina Ciarmela,Cynthia Dela Cruz et al.
Enrrico Bloise et al.
Activins are dimeric glycoproteins belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily and resulting from the assembly of two beta subunits, which may also be combined with alpha subunits to form inhibins. Activins were discovered ...
Dorit Naot,David S Musson,Jillian Cornish
Dorit Naot
Calcitonin was discovered over 50 yr ago as a new hormone that rapidly lowers circulating calcium levels. This effect is caused by the inhibition of calcium efflux from bone, as calcitonin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption. Calcitoni...
Evolving and Expanding the Roles of Mitophagy as a Homeostatic and Pathogenic Process [0.03%]
mitophagy在稳态和致病过程中的演变及作用扩展
Åsa B Gustafsson,Gerald W Dorn nd
Åsa B Gustafsson
The central functions fulfilled by mitochondria as both energy generators essential for tissue homeostasis and gateways to programmed apoptotic and necrotic cell death mandate tight control over the quality and quantity of these ubiquitous ...
Lower Body Negative Pressure: Physiological Effects, Applications, and Implementation [0.03%]
下肢负压：生理效应、应用及实施方案
Nandu Goswami,Andrew Philip Blaber,Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay et al.
Nandu Goswami et al.
This review presents lower body negative pressure (LBNP) as a unique tool to investigate the physiology of integrated systemic compensatory responses to altered hemodynamic patterns during conditions of central hypovolemia in humans. An ear...
László Csanády,Paola Vergani,David C Gadsby
László Csanády
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) belongs to the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily but functions as an anion channel crucial for salt and water transport across epithelial cells. CFTR dysfunctio...
Lindsey A Schier,Alan C Spector
Lindsey A Schier
The gustatory system serves as a critical line of defense against ingesting harmful substances. Technological advances have fostered the characterization of peripheral receptors and have created opportunities for more selective manipulation...