Amy C Engevik,Izumi Kaji,James R Goldenring
Amy C Engevik
Parietal cells are responsible for gastric acid secretion, which aids in the digestion of food, absorption of minerals, and control of harmful bacteria. However, a fine balance of activators and inhibitors of parietal cell-mediated acid sec...
Origin and Evolution of the Neuroendocrine Control of Reproduction in Vertebrates, With Special Focus on Genome and Gene Duplications [0.03%]
脊椎动物生殖神经内分泌调控的起源和进化及其基因组和基因重复中的特殊问题
Sylvie Dufour,Bruno Quérat,Hervé Tostivint et al.
Sylvie Dufour et al.
In humans, as in the other mammals, the neuroendocrine control of reproduction is ensured by the brain-pituitary gonadotropic axis. Multiple internal and environmental cues are integrated via brain neuronal networks, ultimately leading to t...
Pathogenesis of HIV-Related Lung Disease: Immunity, Infection, and Inflammation [0.03%]
HIV相关肺病的发病机制：免疫、感染和炎症
Sushma K Cribbs,Kristina Crothers,Alison Morris
Sushma K Cribbs
Despite anti-retroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV)-related pulmonary disease continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality for people living with HIV (PLWH). The spectrum of lung diseases has changed from...
Methylglyoxal, a Highly Reactive Dicarbonyl Compound, in Diabetes, Its Vascular Complications, and Other Age-Related Diseases [0.03%]
高反应性的二羰基化合物甲基乙二醛与糖尿病、血管并发症及其他衰老相关疾病的关系
C G Schalkwijk,C D A Stehouwer
C G Schalkwijk
The formation and accumulation of methylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, vascular complications of diabetes, and several other age-related chronic inflammatory...
Mechanisms and Consequences of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Sensing in Mammals [0.03%]
哺乳动物氧传感器和二氧化碳传感器的机制及后果
Eoin P Cummins,Moritz J Strowitzki,Cormac T Taylor
Eoin P Cummins
Molecular oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are the primary gaseous substrate and product of oxidative phosphorylation in respiring organisms, respectively. Variance in the levels of either of these gasses outside of the physiological ra...
Nai Yang Fu,Emma Nolan,Geoffrey J Lindeman et al.
Nai Yang Fu et al.
The mammary gland is a highly dynamic organ that undergoes profound changes within its epithelium during puberty and the reproductive cycle. These changes are fueled by dedicated stem and progenitor cells. Both short- and long-lived lineage...
Current Principles of Motor Control, with Special Reference to Vertebrate Locomotion [0.03%]
当前有关运动控制的原理（特别针对脊椎动物）
Sten Grillner,Abdeljabbar El Manira
Sten Grillner
The vertebrate control of locomotion involves all levels of the nervous system from cortex to the spinal cord. Here, we aim to cover all main aspects of this complex behavior, from the operation of the microcircuits in the spinal cord to th...
Nora D Volkow,Michael Michaelides,Ruben Baler
Nora D Volkow
Drug consumption is driven by a drug's pharmacological effects, which are experienced as rewarding, and is influenced by genetic, developmental, and psychosocial factors that mediate drug accessibility, norms, and social support systems or ...
The SLC9A-C Mammalian Na+/H+ Exchanger Family: Molecules, Mechanisms, and Physiology [0.03%]
哺乳动物Na+/H+交换体SLC9家族：分子、机制和生理功能
S F Pedersen,L Counillon
S F Pedersen
Na+/H+ exchangers play pivotal roles in the control of cell and tissue pH by mediating the electroneutral exchange of Na+ and H+ across cellular membranes. They belong to an ancient family of highly evolutionarily conserved proteins, and th...
Ikuo Kimura,Atsuhiko Ichimura,Ryuji Ohue-Kitano et al.
Ikuo Kimura et al.
Fatty acids are metabolized and synthesized as energy substrates during biological responses. Long- and medium-chain fatty acids derived mainly from dietary triglycerides, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by gut microbial fermen...