Noah Pujanes-Mantor,Sorin Buga
Noah Pujanes-Mantor
This chapter examines the need and importance of cultural competency in providing End of Life care. The United States is diverse in culture. As we evolve into a multiethnic society, our healthcare providers must be able to manage this shift...
Bernie White,Mariela Gallo,Alexsandra Morales
Bernie White
As humanity continues to evolve, so do new treatments and the need to continually reevaluate and improve health care delivery. Cultural competency is at the core of improving health care delivery. However, cultural competency has proven to ...
Benjamin Djulbegovic,Iztok Hozo
Benjamin Djulbegovic
In this chapter, we discuss the potential role that artificial intelligence (AI) may have in medical decision-making, the pros and cons, and the limitations and biases that might be introduced when using these novel techniques. As computing...
Which Threshold Model? [0.03%]
哪个阈值模型？
Benjamin Djulbegovic,Iztok Hozo
Benjamin Djulbegovic
As outlined in the Preface (and Chap. 1 and other chapters), this book espoused two fundamental views. The first view consists of the proposal that the threshold model represents a method to address the Sorites paradox, which is a consequen...
Benjamin Djulbegovic,Iztok Hozo
Benjamin Djulbegovic
In the previous chapters, we presented various derivations of the threshold model based on the same disease outcomes. We assumed that a decision-maker would calculate the threshold based on either mortality or morbidity outcomes. Basinga an...
Using Decision Curve Analysis to Evaluate Testing and/or Predictive Modeling [0.03%]
使用决策曲线分析评估检测和/或预测模型
Benjamin Djulbegovic,Iztok Hozo
Benjamin Djulbegovic
In this chapter, we extend the threshold model to evaluate the value of diagnostic tests or predictive models over a range of all possible thresholds by using decision curve analysis (DCA). DCA has been developed within the expected utility...
Formulating Management Strategies Using Fast-and-Frugal Trees (A Decision Tool to Transform Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Pathways into Decision Support at the Point of Care) [0.03%]
利用快而简决策树制定管理战略：一种转化临床实践指南和临床路径为 bedside决策支持工具的方法
Benjamin Djulbegovic,Iztok Hozo
Benjamin Djulbegovic
Clinical management is rarely based on the collection of one data item. Instead, it is typically characterized by the continuous collection and evaluation of clinical data (symptoms, signs, laboratory, imaging tests, etc.) to establish a pl...
Benjamin Djulbegovic,Iztok Hozo
Benjamin Djulbegovic
When a decision-maker has the option of diagnostic testing, they face a typical dilemma: (1) do not administer treatment and do not test, (2) test and decide to administer treatment based on the test result, and (3) administer treatment wit...
Making Decisions When no Further Diagnostic Testing is Available (Expected Regret Theory Threshold Model) [0.03%]
不可进行进一步诊断检查时的决策制定（预期后悔理论阈值模型）
Benjamin Djulbegovic,Iztok Hozo
Benjamin Djulbegovic
In Chap. 2 , we illustrated the application of the expected utility theory (EUT) to rational decision-making when no further diagnostic testing is available. In this chapter, we apply regret theory to the decision problems discussed in Chap...
Benjamin Djulbegovic,Iztok Hozo
Benjamin Djulbegovic
In this chapter, we illustrate how evidence about treatments' benefits and harms can be integrated to enable rational decision-making even under considerable clinical uncertainty. ...