Emergence of a Central Nervous System: A Two-Step Evolutionary Model Suggested by Sea Urchin Experiments [0.03%]
海胆实验启示了中央神经系统的演化模型：两步走理论
Shunsuke Yaguchi
Shunsuke Yaguchi
The centralized nervous system (CNS) is a key innovation of bilaterian animals, enabling complex behaviors and body plans. However, how a CNS evolved from ancestral nerve nets remains unresolved. Here, drawing on experimental manipulations ...
Non-Contiguous and Multi-Regional Expression of Pancreas-Related Genes along the Lancelet Gut [0.03%]
无颌类肠道中与胰腺相关的基因的非连续性和多区表达
Haruka Fujiwara,Satoshi Nakayama,Rin Iguchi et al.
Haruka Fujiwara et al.
Deuterostomes generally share a functional digestive system involving the sequential steps of ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination along their one-way gut. Previous gene expression studies on pancreas-related exocrine digestive...
Periodic Activity of Gnrh-Expressing Neurons in the Ciona Brain: Insights into the Origin of Neural Crest Derived GnRH Neurons in Vertebrates [0.03%]
文昌鱼脑中GnRH神经元的周期性活动：脊椎动物神经crest源性GnRH神经元起源的新见解
Nanako Okawa,Atsushi Kuhara,Takehiro G Kusakabe
Nanako Okawa
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is an important neuropeptide that regulates reproductive function in vertebrates. GnRH-secreting neurons (GnRH neurons) are derived from neurogenic placodes and the neural crest during embryonic develop...
Expression Pattern of the Hox Genes in Caprellids That Have Lost Some of Their Thoracic Legs and Abdominal Segments [0.03%]
某些步足和腹节缺失的钩虾类 HOX 基因表达模式分析
Mizuki Kajino,Yoshiaki Morino,Hiroshi Wada
Mizuki Kajino
The unique body plan of caprellids is likely to have derived from the gammarid body plan through the loss of abdominal segments and walking legs in the fourth and fifth thoracic segments. In this study, we investigated whether the caprellid...
Canonical Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Promotes Pelvic Fin Bud Initiation in Zebrafish [0.03%]
canonical Wnt/β-catenin信号促进斑马鱼腹鳍芽的形成
Yusaku Nakamura,Asato Irifune,Toru Kawanishi et al.
Yusaku Nakamura et al.
In vertebrates, anterior (forelimbs and pectoral fins) and posterior (hindlimbs and pelvic fins) paired appendages arise from specific regions of the lateral plate mesoderm. In zebrafish, pectoral fin development illustrates a tightly coupl...
Evolution of the Jaw Joint and Middle Ear Morphologies in the Lineage Towards Birds [0.03%]
鸟类谱系下颌关节和中耳形态的演化
Takumi Watanabe,Fernando E Novas,Tatsuya Hirasawa
Takumi Watanabe
In tetrapod evolution, the middle ear evolved independently at least four times and represents key innovations for airborne hearing. As the tympanic membrane developed at the interface between the mandibular and hyoid arches, the evolution ...
Ontogenic Development of the Acrocoracoid Process Responsible for the Evolution of Avian Flapping Flight [0.03%]
鸟类振翅飞行进化中肩关节关键结构的发育演化机制研究
Yawara Takeda,Taira Kuramoto-Ahuja,Sayuri Yonei-Tamura et al.
Yawara Takeda et al.
When modern birds engage in powered flight by flapping their wings, the upstroke movement is produced mainly by a ventrally located muscle called the musculus (m.) supracoracoideus. To achieve this unique mechanism for elevating the humerus...
Contribution of Fat-Signaling and Crumbs-Expanded Modules to Exaggerated Growth of Weaponized Mandible in a Stag Beetle and Its Evolutionary Implications [0.03%]
脂肪信号和Crumbs-Expanded模块在鹿角甲虫武器下颌的夸张生长中的贡献及其进化意义
Yasuhiko Chikami,Taisei Ashimori,Yoshio Ito et al.
Yasuhiko Chikami et al.
The weapon trait is typically characterized by an exaggerated body part employed in intrasexual competition, such as male-male combat over mating partners. In the last two decades, EvoDevo studies have engaged in understanding the genetic b...
Vertebrate Hox Clusters as Transposon Repellents Against the Genomic Accordion Model [0.03%]
脊椎动物Hox簇作为抵御基因组手风琴模型的转座子排斥剂
Shigehiro Kuraku
Shigehiro Kuraku
Hox genes, organized in compact genomic clusters, have been central to developmental biology for decades since the discovery of homeotic transformations. Their spatiotemporally regulated expressions strikingly parallel genomic order (3' to ...
Beyond Individuality: Developmental and Evolutionary Deviations in Animal Body Plans [0.03%]
超越个体性：动物体形的发育和进化偏差
Toru Miura,Kohei Oguchi
Toru Miura
The emergence of multicellularity was a key innovation in metazoan evolution, enabling the development of functionally integrated individuals. Animal individuality is typically defined by organ systems such as the nervous, muscular, and dig...