T Cerny
T Cerny
Nicotine is the main substance responsible for dependence on tobacco-containing, products, which have a heavy impact on the public health of developed as well as non-developed countries by being a main etiologic factor for the induction of ...
Stéphane Vignot,Jean-Philippe Spano,Sylvie Lantuejoul et al.
Stéphane Vignot et al.
Lung cancer remains a major cause of mortality worldwide, despite advances in surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Most patients present with advanced disease, and early detection approaches are still experimental. Chemoprevention strate...
Anne-Renée Hartman
Anne-Renée Hartman
Between 9,000 and 18,000 new cases of breast cancer per year in the United States are associated with a genetically defined predisposition. Mutations in BRCA1 and 2 account for greater than 60% of inherited breast cancer. Mutations in addit...
How should we move the field of chemopreventive agent development forward in a productive manner? [0.03%]
如何以富有成效的方式推动化学预防剂开发领域的发展？
Frank Louis Meyskens,Eva Szabo
Frank Louis Meyskens
Epidemiologic observations and preclinical experimental investigations suggest that the prevention or reversal of precancers should be an effective strategy in humans to control cancer. Although "proof of principle" has been established in ...
Can a marker be a surrogate for development of cancer, and would we know it if it exists? [0.03%]
标志物能否成为癌症发病的替代指标？我们如何才能发现它的存在？
William B Armstrong,Thomas H Taylor,Frank L Meyskens
William B Armstrong
Carcinogenesis proceeds through a very long preclinical period. Our collective hope is that multiple opportunities exist for chemoprevention to arrest or reverse progression towards malignancy. In the hope of faster progress with fewer subj...
Problems with using biomarkers as surrogate end points for cancer: a cautionary tale [0.03%]
生物标志物作为癌症替代终点的问题：一则警示故事
Arthur Schatzkin
Arthur Schatzkin
Investigations employing surrogate cancer end points are especially attractive because they may be smaller, shorter, and cheaper than comparable studies with explicit cancer outcomes. For many potential surrogate end points--epithelial cell...
Can animal models help us select specific compounds for cancer prevention trials? [0.03%]
动物模型能帮助我们选择特定化合物用于癌症预防试验吗？
Ernest T Hawk,Asad Umar,Ronald A Lubet et al.
Ernest T Hawk et al.
Animal models provide unparalleled mechanistic insights into cancer development and potential opportunity for cancer prevention. Nevertheless, species differ markedly with regard to dietary exposures, cancer development, drug effects, and t...
Michael Pollak
Michael Pollak
Many cancer prevention strategies are unlikely to provide equal risk reduction in all subjects, but instead are predicted to be particularly useful for specific individuals. An important research challenge is to devise methods for individua...
R James Barnard,William J Aronson
R James Barnard
Metabolic syndrome was initially described as an aggregation of risk factors for the development of coronary artery disease with insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia as the underlying factor. In an earlier review, we suggest...
Rebecca C Fitzgerald
Rebecca C Fitzgerald
Gastric cancer has been declining for more than half a century, whereas the incidence of oesophageal cancer is increasing rapidly. The histopathological subtype is also changing with a predominance of oesophageal adenocarcinoma compared wit...