Rebekah M Ahmed,Frederik Steyn,Luc Dupuis
Rebekah M Ahmed
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating progressive neurodegenerative disorder. While initially pathophysiology was thought to be restricted to motor deficits, it is increasingly recognized that patients develop prominent chang...
The infundibular peptidergic neurons and glia cells in overeating, obesity, and diabetes [0.03%]
管状皮层肽能神经元及胶质细胞在过度饮食、肥胖和糖尿病中的作用
Martin J T Kalsbeek,Chun-Xia Yi
Martin J T Kalsbeek
Dysfunctional regulation of energy homeostasis results in increased bodyweight and obesity, eventually leading to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The infundibular nucleus (IFN) of the hypothalamus is the main regulator of energy homeostasis. The ...
Kisspeptin and neurokinin B expression in the human hypothalamus: Relation to reproduction and gender identity [0.03%]
亲吻肽和神经激肽B在人类下丘脑中的表达：与生殖和性别认同的关系
Julie Bakker
Julie Bakker
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the hypothalamus are at the core of reproductive functioning. GnRH released into the median eminence regulates the secretion of the gonadotropins from the anterior pituitary, which in turn ac...
The human hypothalamic kisspeptin system: Functional neuroanatomy and clinical perspectives [0.03%]
人类下丘脑亲吻肽系统：功能神经解剖学和临床视角
Erik Hrabovszky,Szabolcs Takács,Éva Rumpler et al.
Erik Hrabovszky et al.
In mammals, kisspeptin neurons are the key components of the hypothalamic neuronal networks that regulate the onset of puberty, account for the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and mediate negative and positive e...
Tanycytes in the infundibular nucleus and median eminence and their role in the blood-brain barrier [0.03%]
下丘脑室周器和中脑导水管周围灰质区的tanycyte及其在血脑屏障中的作用
Vincent Prevot,Ruben Nogueiras,Markus Schwaninger
Vincent Prevot
The blood-brain barrier is generally attributed to endothelial cells. However, in circumventricular organs, such as the median eminence, tanycytes take over the barrier function. These ependymoglial cells form the wall of the third ventricl...
Central and peripheral release of oxytocin: Relevance of neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter actions for physiology and behavior [0.03%]
中枢和外周催产素的释放：神经内分泌和神经传递作用在生理学和行为中的相关性
Ferdinand Althammer,Marina Eliava,Valery Grinevich
Ferdinand Althammer
The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) is critically involved in the modulation of socio-emotional behavior, sexual competence, and pain perception and anticipation. While intracellular signaling of OT and its receptor (OTR), as well a...
Horst-Werner Korf,Morten Møller
Horst-Werner Korf
The arcuate nucleus (ARC) is located in the mediobasal hypothalamus and forms a morphological and functional entity with the median eminence (ME), the ARC-ME. The ARC comprises several distinct types of neurons controlling prolactin release...
Carlo Giussani,Andrea Di Cristofori
Carlo Giussani
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) disorders are challenging conditions in neurosurgical practice. The majority of CSF is contained in the basal cisterns of the brain, which are subarachnoid compartments that communicate with each other, and contrib...
The subfornical organ and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis: Critical roles in cardiovascular regulation and the control of fluid balance [0.03%]
顶叶下组织和终板血管器：心血管调节及体液平衡控制中的关键作用
W Mark Fry,Alastair V Ferguson
W Mark Fry
In this chapter, we review the extensive literature describing the roles of the subfornical organ (SFO), the organum vasculosum of the terminalis (OVLT), and the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO), comprising the lamina terminalis, in cardiovas...