Immunotherapies in autoimmune movement disorders and cerebellar ataxia [0.03%]
自身免疫性运动障碍和小脑共济失调的免疫疗法
Benjamin Vlad,Bettina Balint
Benjamin Vlad
The spectrum of autoimmune movement disorders is very broad with regard to clinical presentations, associated antibodies, and underlying immunopathophysiology. Early and adequate immunotherapy is key in the management to achieve good outcom...
The history of paraneoplastic neurologic disorders of the CNS, PNS, and autonomic nervous systems: Perspective on the past toward a brighter future [0.03%]
中枢神经系统、周围神经系统的肿瘤相关副肿瘤性神经病学的既往和未来展望
Aditi Sharma,Tammy L Smith,John E Greenlee et al.
Aditi Sharma et al.
Cases of paraneoplastic neurologic disease were described as early as the 1800s; despite two centuries of impressive progress in our understanding of immunity, autoimmunity, and paraneoplastic antibodies, we still have a lot to learn about ...
Cynthia M C Lemmens,Agnes Van Sonderen,Maarten J Titulaer
Cynthia M C Lemmens
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a heterogeneous inflammatory syndrome caused by autoantibodies targeted at either neuronal cell surface proteins and synaptic receptors, or at intracellular epitopes. Clinical presentation is dependent on the...
Immunotherapies for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease [0.03%]
视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病和少突胶质细胞髓鞘糖蛋白抗体相关疾病的免疫疗法
Itay Lotan,Monique Anderson,Michael Levy
Itay Lotan
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are rare autoimmune neuroinflammatory disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by recurrent attack...
Elizabeth Wilson,Tanuja Chitnis
Elizabeth Wilson
Onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) in childhood and adolescence has now been well-recognized over the past 10-15 years. There have been significant advances in the understanding of the disease course of pediatric MS, which is highly inflammat...
Tradite Neziraj,Ludwig Kappos,Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
Tradite Neziraj
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, with both genetic and environmental risk factors. While traditionally, a relapsing and progressive disease course has been distinguished, it has increasingly be...
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis: Improving understanding and addressing misconceptions [0.03%]
骨髓移植治疗多发性硬化症：提高理解度和消除误解
Richard K Burt,Tobias Alexander
Richard K Burt
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for multiple sclerosis (MS) is the technique of administrating a short immunosuppressive regimen over 4-6 days (depending on the drug regimen) followed by intravenous infusion of one...
Christian W Keller,Marinos C Dalakas,Jan D Lünemann
Christian W Keller
In the past 3 decades, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) - pooled IgG (IgG) obtained from the plasma of several thousands of healthy donors - has had a major impact in the successful treatment of previously poorly controlled autoimmune neur...
James F Howard,Jeffrey T Guptill
James F Howard
The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is a heterodimeric protein that binds albumin and immunoglobulin G (IgG) to mediate pH-dependent recycling, prevent degradation, and maintain their serum concentrations. The ability to bind IgG means FcRn pla...
Evolving targeted biologics against T cells, cytokines, and intracellular immune targets for multiple sclerosis with implications in other autoimmune neurologic diseases [0.03%]
针对T细胞、细胞因子和自身免疫神经疾病中其他自主免疫疾病的多发性硬化症的内在免疫靶标的生物制剂的演变
Bernhard Hemmer
Bernhard Hemmer
Over the last three decades, immunotherapies targeting T cells, cytokines, and intracellular molecules have been explored extensively in clinical trials in multiple sclerosis (MS). These studies resulted in the approval of several therapies...