Eileen Luders,Florian Kurth
Eileen Luders
Research based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revealed a number of sex differences in the anatomy of the human brain. The first part of this chapter presents an excerpt of these findings discriminating among effects on a...
Sex differences in stroke [0.03%]
中风的性别差异
Peter Appelros,Signild Åsberg
Peter Appelros
Sex disparities within the field of stroke, including subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAHs), have been in focus during the last 2 decades. It is clear that stroke incidence is higher in men, and also that men have their first stroke earlier than ...
Amber N V Ruigrok,Meng-Chuan Lai
Amber N V Ruigrok
Autism is a heterogenous set of early-onset neurodevelopmental conditions that are more prevalent in males than in females. Due to the high phenotypic, neurobiological, developmental, and etiological heterogeneity in the autism spectrum, re...
Pierpaolo Turcano,Rodolfo Savica
Pierpaolo Turcano
A number of studies reported the possible differences between men and women in movement disorders. Evidence shows that estrogens may have a neuroprotective effect and may modulate the neurodevelopment of the different brain structures. Move...
Sex difference in Alzheimer's disease: An updated, balanced and emerging perspective on differing vulnerabilities [0.03%]
阿尔茨海默病的性别差异：一个更新的、平衡的和新兴的观点看不同的易感性
Dena B Dubal
Dena B Dubal
Sex biology influences Alzheimer's disease (AD). Sex differences exist in the epidemiologic, imaging, biomarker, and pathology studies of this uniquely human condition. The mandate to understand sex differences in major diseases like AD is ...
Jiska S Peper,Sarah M Burke,Lara M Wierenga
Jiska S Peper
Sex differences in behavior, and whether these behavioral differences are related to sex differences in brain development, has been a longstanding topic of debate. Presumably, sex differences can provide critically important leads for expla...
Neuroinflammation [0.03%]
神经炎症
Deepika Mukhara,Unsong Oh,Gretchen N Neigh
Deepika Mukhara
Neuroinflammation is implicated in contributing to a variety of neurologic and somatic illnesses including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and depression. In this chapter, we focus on the role of neuroinflammation in med...
Brain structural and neuroendocrine basis of sex differences in epilepsy [0.03%]
癫痫中性别差异的脑结构和神经内分泌基础
Doodipala Samba Reddy
Doodipala Samba Reddy
This chapter reviews the current information about sex differences in epilepsy and potential mechanisms underlying sex differences in seizure susceptibility and epilepsy. The susceptibility to and occurrence of seizures are generally higher...
Jordan Marrocco,Nathan R Einhorn,Bruce S McEwen
Jordan Marrocco
Experiences throughout the life course lead to unique phenotypes even among those with the same genotype. Genotype sets the substrate on which physiologic processes, which communicate with the brain, mediate the effects of life experiences ...
Jonas Hornung,Carolin A Lewis,Birgit Derntl
Jonas Hornung
Sex hormones have organizational and activational effects on the human brain and can interact with the neurotransmitter systems. These biologic mechanisms may have a far-reaching impact, with both behavioral consequences and structural as w...