Akos Kereszturi
Akos Kereszturi
During a human Mars exploration because of the lack of time astronauts need fast methods for the interpretation of unexpected observations which give them flexibility and new, important targets. With in-situ modelling it is possible to get ...
Adam Hawkey
Adam Hawkey
Human locomotion on Mars will be considerably different from on Earth. Optimum walking speeds will be approximately 30% lower and transitioning from a walk to a run will occur at a speed 25% slower. Peak vertical forces will be reduced by a...
Stephen Baxter
Stephen Baxter
In the very long term, how could humans colonise the Galaxy? Colonisation cannot be centrally controlled; deeper drives must be tapped. It may take centuries to colonise the nearest stars: it may be a 'programme' like the Industrial Revolut...
W.W.W. MOON? The why, what and when of a permanent manned lunar colony [0.03%]
建月城？永久性有人驻守的月球基地的“为什么、是什么和什么时候”
Maurizio Morabito
Maurizio Morabito
Several reasons for going back to the Moon are listed: scientific study of our natural satellite, Earth and in general the Solar System; exploitation of the resources of Outer Space; geopolitical considerations that made Apollo possible and...
Physiological and biomechanical considerations for a human Mars mission [0.03%]
载人登陆火星任务的生理及生物力学考虑因素
Adam Hawkey
Adam Hawkey
Evolving on Earth has made humans perfectly adapted, both physiologically and biomechanically, to its gravity and atmospheric conditions. Leaving the Earth and its protective environment, therefore, results in the degradation of a number of...
Bob Parkinson
Bob Parkinson
At the time of the Apollo Programme, a first human mission to Mars was proposed as early as 1984 with the argument that the higher costs of human exploration would be more than justified by the increased effectiveness of human explorers. Th...
Adam Hawkey
Adam Hawkey
As a direct consequence of exposure to microgravity astronauts experience a number of physiological changes, which can have serious medical implications when they return to Earth. Most immediate and significant are the head-ward shift of bo...
P M Droppert
P M Droppert
Exposure of astronauts to microgravity leads to the loss of calcium from weightbearing bones. Prolonged exposure, e.g., during a journey to Mars, may present problems on return to Earth, with increased risk of fractures and premature osteop...
P Suedfeld
P Suedfeld
Long-duration space flight involves sensory monotony, isolation, and confinement. Obviously, data from other such environments are relevant to our concerns; and the application of the concept of arousal both to interpersonal relations and t...
M Bloomfield
M Bloomfield
The successful functioning of an interstellar flight is dependent on the sociology of the crew. The crew needs to be homogeneous culturally to minimise conflict. A genetically similar crew is suggested as well, in order to provide an initia...