This study investigated the influence of different functional groups on the electro-optical properties of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films. Twelve acrylate monomers with functional groups like amino, halogen, and double-bond were introduced into PDLC films, and twelve samples were prepared. The electro-optical properties and microstructure of the films were characterized. The results show that compared to films with amino and halogen groups, those with hydroxyl groups have the best balance of driving voltage and contrast, achieving higher contrast at lower driving voltage, making this preparation scheme ideal for low-voltage, high-contrast PDLC films. Also, in the presence of hydroxyl groups, introducing double bonds increases saturation voltage and decreases saturation. Hydrogen-bond engineering through strategically positioned hydroxyl groups in acrylate monomers optimizes PDLC performance by enabling compact polymer networks and controlled phase separation, achieving superior contrast ratios (163) and low saturation voltages (15.8 V), while amino groups induce steric limitations and dual-bond systems that disrupt hydrogen-bond efficacy, highlighting hydroxyl spatial design as critical for electro-optical optimization.

Keywords: driving voltage; electro-optical properties; hydroxyl functional group; polymer-dispersed liquid crystal.

本研究调查了不同官能团对聚合物分散液晶（PDLC）薄膜电光性能的影响。引入了十二种含氨基、卤素和双键等官能团的丙烯酸单体到PDLC薄膜中，并制备了十二个样品。表征了这些薄膜的电光特性和微观结构。结果显示，与含有氨基和卤素基团的薄膜相比，含有羟基的薄膜在驱动电压和对比度之间具有最佳平衡，在较低的驱动电压下实现了更高的对比度，使其成为低电压高对比度PDLC薄膜制备的理想方案。此外，在存在羟基的情况下，引入双键会增加饱和电压并降低饱和度。通过丙烯酸单体中战略性定位的羟基进行氢键工程可以优化PDLC性能，使聚合物网络更加紧密和控制相分离，从而实现优异的对比度（163）和较低的饱和电压（15.8 V），而氨基则会产生空间限制以及破坏氢键效果的双键系统，突出了羟基的空间设计对于电光性能优化的重要性。

关键词： 驱动电压；电光特性；羟基官能团；聚合物分散液晶。