The sperm freezing-thawing procedure is the most commonly used technique in clinics to preserve male fertility before any pathological destruction of the testis. Therefore, most studies are currently focused on optimizing this method to achieve high-quality semen after thawing. During cryopreservation, oxidative stress-induced damage affects sperm structures and decreases their fertility potential. The use of antioxidants in freezing media can protect sperm against oxidative damage. We designed this study to evaluate whether incubation of semen with human follicular fluid, which contains a wide variety of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, can prevent the negative effects of freezing-thawing on human spermatozoa. Human semen was divided into three groups 1) the 0-hour group (before freezing), 2) the control group (after freezing-thawing), and 3) the FF group (after freezing with 50% follicular fluid). The sperm motility, viability, integrity of the plasma membrane and DNA, mitochondrial membrane potential, malondialdehyde level, total antioxidant capacity, and catalase activity were assessed in these 3 groups. The findings showed a significant decrease in sperm motility, viability, plasma membrane and DNA integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, total antioxidant capacity, and catalase activity and a significant increase in malondialdehyde level in the control group compared with the 0-hour group. The FF group displayed a considerable increase in sperm parameters, total antioxidant capacity, catalase activity, and a significant decrease in malondialdehyde level compared with the control group. Follicular fluid can be considered an effective supplement to improve antioxidant indices and sperm parameters during freezing-thawing.

精子冷冻解冻程序是临床上保存男性生育能力最常用的技术，尤其是在睾丸病理破坏之前。因此，目前大多数研究都集中在优化这一方法上，以期在解冻后获得高质量的精液。在冷冻过程中，氧化应激引起的损伤会影响精子结构并降低其生育潜力。在冷冻介质中使用抗氧化剂可以保护精子免受氧化损伤。我们设计了这项研究来评估将人卵泡液用于培养精液是否能够防止冷冻解冻对人类精子产生的负面影响。人的精液被分为三组：1）0小时组（冷冻前），2）对照组（冷冻解冻后），3）FF组（与50%的卵泡液一起冷冻）。在这三个组中评估了精子活力、存活率、质膜和DNA完整性、线粒体膜电位、丙二醛水平、总抗氧化能力和过氧化氢酶活性。结果显示，对照组在精子活力、存活率、质膜和DNA完整性的线粒体膜电位、总抗氧化能力和过氧化氢酶活性方面显著下降，并且丙二醛水平相比0小时组有显著升高。与对照组相比，FF组的精子参数、总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶活性显著提高，而丙二醛水平显著降低。卵泡液可以被认为是改善冷冻解冻过程中抗氧化指标和精子参数的有效补充。