This preliminary study had two aims: (i) to compare the internal and external loads between training sessions and official games in youth basketball players; (ii) to investigate the effects of the playing role on physical capacities, basketball skills, and internal and external loads accumulated during training and competition. Thirteen under-16 male basketball players, aged 15.30 ± 0.88 years, were followed over 10 consecutive weeks and assigned into two groups according to their playing role: starters and rotation players. Prior to the 10-week monitoring period, players' training experience, basic anthropometrics, physical capacities, and basketball skills were assessed. Then, internal and external loads were monitored in formal training and official competition. Data were analyzed using non-parametric techniques. Players attained significantly higher values in most measures of internal and external loads during official games (r = 0.82 to 0.88, p < 0.01). Starters outperformed rotation players in the 20-m sprint (r = 0.61, p < 0.05), the lane agility drill (r = 0.77, p < 0.01), and the control dribble (r = 0.73, p < 0.01). They also reached a lower HR_peak in practice (r = 0.65, p < 0.05), but a higher %HR_peak (r = -0.61, p < 0.05) and greater scores in the summated-heart-rate-zones model (r = -0.61, p < 0.05) as well as the dynamic stress load during official games (r = -0.57, p < 0.05). The findings highlight that young basketball players apparently do not train as intensely as they play. Moreover, it was during competition that starting players experienced higher internal and external loads. It is recommended that basketball coaches regularly monitor loads in both formal training and competition to closely match game demands when planning their practices. Finally, it is suggested that future research includes larger sample sizes to provide a more comprehensive understanding of both internal and external loads in youth basketball.

Keywords: basketball skills; physical performance; playing role; training and game demands; youth players.

Copyright: © Academy of Physical Education in Katowice.

这项初步研究有两个目标：（i）比较青年篮球队员在训练和正式比赛中的内部负荷和外部负荷；（ii）探讨场上角色对球员体能、篮球技能以及训练和比赛中积累的内部和外部负荷的影响。研究人员跟踪了13名年龄为15.30 ± 0.88岁的U-16男子篮球队员长达10周，并根据他们的场上角色将他们分为两组：首发队员和替补队员。在为期10周的监控期之前，评估了球员们的训练经历、基本人体测量数据、体能和篮球技能。然后，在正式训练和官方比赛中监测了内部负荷和外部负荷。数据分析使用了非参数技术。球员们在正式比赛中的大多数内部和外部负荷指标显著高于训练（r = 0.82 至 0.88，p < 0.01）。首发队员在20米冲刺（r = 0.61，p < 0.05）、禁区敏捷性测试（r = 0.77，p < 0.01）以及控球运球（r = 0.73，p < 0.01）方面优于替补队员。他们在实践中达到了较低的HR_peak（r = 0.65，p < 0.05），但在正式比赛中的%HR_peak较高（r = -0.61，p < 0.05），并且在累积心率区模型中得分更高（r = -0.61，p < 0.05）以及动态负荷更大（r = -0.57，p < 0.05）。研究结果表明，年轻篮球队员似乎没有像比赛那样强烈地进行训练。此外，在比赛中首发球员经历了更高的内部和外部负荷。建议篮球教练定期监控正式训练和比赛中的负荷，以在计划练习时更紧密地匹配比赛需求。最后，建议未来的研究包括更大的样本量，以便更好地理解青年篮球中的内部和外部负荷。

关键词：篮球技能；体能表现；场上角色；训练和比赛需求；年轻球员。