Despite advances in wearable robots across various fields, there is no consensus definition or design framework for the application of this technology in rehabilitation or musculoskeletal (MSK) injury prevention. This paper aims to define wearable robots and explore their applications and challenges for military rehabilitation and force protection for MSK injury prevention. We conducted a modified Delphi method, including a steering group and 14 panelists with 10+ years of expertise in wearable robots. Panelists presented current wearable robots currently in use or in development for rehabilitation or assistance use in the military workforce and healthcare. The steering group and panelists met to obtain a consensus on the wearable robot definition applicable for rehabilitation or primary injury prevention. Panelists unanimously agreed that wearable robots can be grouped into three main applications, as follows: (1) primary and secondary MSK injury prevention, (2) enhancement of military activities and tasks, and (3) rehabilitation and reintegration. Each application was presented within the context of its target population and state-of-the-art technology currently in use or under development. Capturing expert opinions, this study defines wearable robots for military rehabilitation and MSK injury prevention, identifies health outcomes and assessment tools, and outlines design requirements for future advancements.

Keywords: delphi method; disability; exoskeleton; injury prevention; military workforce; musculoskeletal injuries.

尽管在各个领域内可穿戴机器人的技术取得了进展，但对于这项技术在康复或肌肉骨骼（MSK）损伤预防方面的应用，仍然没有统一的定义或设计框架。本文旨在为可穿戴机器人下定义，并探讨其在军事康复和力保部队防护中的应用及挑战以预防MSK损伤。我们采用了一种改良的德尔菲法，包括了一个指导小组以及14位拥有超过10年可穿戴机器人领域经验的专家小组成员。这些专家展示了目前用于军事劳动力或医疗保健中康复或辅助用途且正在使用或开发中的可穿戴机器人。指导小组和专家们会面以就适用于康复或初级损伤预防的可穿戴机器人定义达成一致意见。专家们一致同意，可穿戴机器人可以分为三个主要应用领域：（1）MSK损伤的一级和二级预防；（2）军事活动和任务的增强；以及（3）康复与重新融入社会。

本研究收集了专家的意见，并为军事康复及MSK损伤预防的可穿戴机器人定义、识别健康结果和评估工具，同时制定了未来发展的设计要求。

关键词：德尔菲法；残疾；外骨骼；损伤预防；军事劳动力；肌肉骨骼损伤。