Expectancy and Conditioning in Placebo Analgesia: Separate or Connected Processes? [0.03%]
预期与调节在安慰剂镇痛中的作用：独立过程还是相互关联的过程？
Irving Kirsch,Jian Kong,Pamela Sadler et al.
Irving Kirsch et al.
Expectancy and conditioning are often tested as opposing explanations of placebo analgesia, most commonly by pitting the effects of a conditioning procedure against those of a verbally-induced expectation for pain reduction. However, condit...