Dual-systems and Fuzzy-trace Theory Predictions of COVID-19 Risk Taking in Young Adults [0.03%]
双过程理论和模糊痕迹理论下的年轻人新冠肺炎风险承担行为预测模型
Sarah M Edelson,Valerie F Reyna,Bridget B Hayes et al.
Sarah M Edelson et al.
Risk-reduction behaviors are the first line of defense in viral epidemics. Choosing to not engage in risk-reduction behaviors produced millions of preventable deaths from COVID-19. Understanding why this happens and how to predict it is imp...
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1037/dec0000049.]. © 2016 The Author(s).
Published Erratum
Decision (Washington, D.C.). 2016 Oct;3(4):294. DOI:10.1037/dec0000062 2016
Jungsun Yoo,Elizabeth R Chrastil,Aaron M Bornstein
Jungsun Yoo
Making plans for upcoming actions is a computationally demanding process. To mitigate these demands, individuals can build extensive internal models of their environment-states, actions, and their sequential relationships-that allow for pla...
G W Story,Z Kurth-Nelson,M Moutoussis et al.
G W Story et al.
Humans discount delayed relative to more immediate reward. A plausible explanation is that impatience arises partly from uncertainty, or risk, implicit in delayed reward. Existing theories of discounting-as-risk focus on a probability that ...
M Fiona Molloy,Ricardo J Romeu,Peter D Kvam et al.
M Fiona Molloy et al.
Delay discounting behavior has proven useful in assessing impulsivity across a wide range of populations. As such, accurate estimation of the shape of each individual's temporal discounting profile is paramount when drawing conclusions abou...
Is Cognitive Impairment Related to Violations of Rationality? A Laboratory Alcohol Intoxication Study Testing Transitivity of Preference [0.03%]
关于理性原则违背的认知损害了吗？实验室醉酒条件下违背偏好的传递性原则
Clintin P Davis-Stober,Denis M McCarthy,Daniel R Cavagnaro et al.
Clintin P Davis-Stober et al.
Alcohol intoxication is well known to impair a number of cognitive abilities required for sound decision making. We tested whether an intoxicating dose of alcohol altered whether individuals satisfied a basic property of rational decision m...
Elena Achtypi,Nathaniel J S Ashby,Gordon D A Brown et al.
Elena Achtypi et al.
The endowment effect occurs when people assign a higher value to an item they own than to the same item when they do not own it, and this effect is often taken to reflect an ownership-induced change in the intrinsic value people assign to t...
Uncertainty and Exploration [0.03%]
不确定性与探索精神
Samuel J Gershman
Samuel J Gershman
In order to discover the most rewarding actions, agents must collect information about their environment, potentially foregoing reward. The optimal solution to this "explore-exploit" dilemma is often computationally challenging, but princip...
The Bat-and-Ball Problem: Stronger evidence in support of a conscious error process [0.03%]
棒球棍问题：支持有意错误过程的更强证据
Jerome D Hoover,Alice F Healy
Jerome D Hoover
Traditional accounts of reasoning have characterized human error response to be an unconscious process whereby cognitive misers blindly neglect the critical information that would lead to problem solution, thereby substituting an easier pro...
Mechanisms of deliberation during preferential choice: Perspectives from computational modeling and individual differences [0.03%]
优先选择期间商议机制的视角：计算模型和个体差异的观点
Timothy J Pleskac,Shuli Yu,Christopher Hopwood et al.
Timothy J Pleskac et al.
Computational models of decision making typically assume as people deliberate between options they mentally simulate outcomes from each one and integrate valuations of these outcomes to form a preference. In two studies, we investigated thi...