Epigenetic Regulation of Chromatin States in Schizosaccharomyces pombe [0.03%]
染色质状态在模式生物S. pombe中的表观遗传调控
Robin C Allshire,Karl Ekwall
Robin C Allshire
This article discusses the advances made in epigenetic research using the model organism fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. S. pombe has been used for epigenetic research since the discovery of position effect variegation (PEV). This ...
The Origin of Mutants Under Selection: How Natural Selection Mimics Mutagenesis (Adaptive Mutation) [0.03%]
自然选择如何模仿突变（适应性突变）：择优选择下 mutant 的起源
Sophie Maisnier-Patin,John R Roth
Sophie Maisnier-Patin
Selection detects mutants but does not cause mutations. Contrary to this dictum, Cairns and Foster plated a leaky lac mutant of Escherichia coli on lactose medium and saw revertant (Lac(+)) colonies accumulate with time above a nongrowing l...
Andrew H Knoll
Andrew H Knoll
Microfossils, stromatolites, and chemical biosignatures indicate that Earth became a biological planet more than 3.5 billion years ago, making most of life's history microbial. Proterozoic rocks preserve a rich record of cyanobacteria, incl...
Mechanisms and Evidence of Genital Coevolution: The Roles of Natural Selection, Mate Choice, and Sexual Conflict [0.03%]
genital coevolution的机制和证据：自然选择、配偶选择及性冲突的作用
Patricia L R Brennan,Richard O Prum
Patricia L R Brennan
Genital coevolution between the sexes is expected to be common because of the direct interaction between male and female genitalia during copulation. Here we review the diverse mechanisms of genital coevolution that include natural selectio...
Simone Reber,Anthony A Hyman
Simone Reber
A metaphase spindle is a complex structure consisting of microtubules and a myriad of different proteins that modulate microtubule dynamics together with chromatin and kinetochores. A decade ago, a full description of spindle formation and ...
Kathryn N Ivey,Deepak Srivastava
Kathryn N Ivey
The field of miRNA biology is relatively young, but its impact on our understanding of the regulation of a wide array of cell functions is far-reaching. The importance of miRNAs in development has become nearly ubiquitous, with miRNAs contr...
Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Oligodendrocyte Development and Myelination in the Central Nervous System [0.03%]
中枢神经系统中少突胶质细胞发育和髓鞘形成中的转录调控与表观遗传调控
Ben Emery,Q Richard Lu
Ben Emery
Central nervous system (CNS) myelination by oligodendrocytes (OLs) is a highly orchestrated process involving well-defined steps from specification of neural stem cells into proliferative OL precursors followed by terminal differentiation a...
Florent Ginhoux,Marco Prinz
Florent Ginhoux
Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), which sit in close proximity to neural structures and are intimately involved in brain homeostasis. The microglial population also plays fundamental roles during ne...
Mikael Simons,Klaus-Armin Nave
Mikael Simons
Myelinated nerve fibers have evolved to enable fast and efficient transduction of electrical signals in the nervous system. To act as an electric insulator, the myelin sheath is formed as a multilamellar membrane structure by the spiral wra...
Samuel K Sheppard,Martin C J Maiden
Samuel K Sheppard
The global significance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli as gastrointestinal human pathogens has motivated numerous studies to characterize their population biology and evolution. These bacteria are a common component of the i...